Abstract

While the implementation of digital technology in psychiatry appears promising, there is an urgent need to address the implications of the absence of ethical design in the early development of such technologies. Some authors have noted the gap between technology development and ethical analysis and have called for an upstream examination of the ethical issues raised by digital technologies. In this paper, we address this suggestion, particularly in relation to digital healthcare technologies for patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. The introduction of digital technologies in psychiatry offers a broad spectrum of diagnostic and treatment options tailored to the health needs and goals of patients’ care. These technologies include wearable devices, smartphone applications for high-immersive virtual realities, smart homes, telepsychiatry and messaging systems for patients in rural areas. The availability of these technologies could increase access to mental health services and improve the diagnostics of mental disorders.

Additional Instruction Abstract

In this descriptive review, we systematize ethical concerns about digital technologies for mental health with a particular focus on individuals suffering from schizophrenia. There are many unsolved dilemmas and conflicts of interest in the implementation of these technologies, such as (1) the lack of evidence on efficacy and impact on self-perception; (2) the lack of clear standards for the safety of their daily implementation; (3) unclear roles of technology and a shift in the responsibilities of all parties; (4) no guarantee of data confidentiality; and (5) the lack of a user-centered design that meets the particular needs of patients with schizophrenia. mHealth can improve care in psychiatry and make mental healthcare services more efficient and personalized while destigmatizing mental health disorders. To ensure that these technologies will benefit people with mental health disorders, we need to heighten sensitivity to ethical issues among mental healthcare specialists, health policy makers, software developers, patients themselves and their proxies. Additionally, we need to develop frameworks for furthering sustainable development in the digital technologies industry and for the responsible usage of such technologies for patients with schizophrenia in the clinical setting. We suggest that digital technology in psychiatry, particularly for schizophrenia and other serious mental health disorders, should be integrated into treatment with professional supervision rather than as a self-treatment tool.

中文翻译：

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精神分裂症管理的数字技术：描述性评论

摘要

虽然在精神病学中实施数字技术似乎很有希望，但迫切需要解决此类技术早期开发中缺乏道德设计的影响。一些作者已经注意到技术发展和伦理分析之间的差距，并呼吁对数字技术引发的伦理问题进行上游审查。在本文中，我们提出了这一建议，特别是与精神分裂症谱系障碍患者的数字医疗技术有关。精神病学中数字技术的引入提供了广泛的诊断和治疗选择，以满足患者的健康需求和护理目标。这些技术包括可穿戴设备、用于高度沉浸式虚拟现实的智能手机应用程序、智能家居、为农村地区的患者提供远程精神病学和信息系统。这些技术的可用性可以增加获得精神卫生服务的机会并改善精神障碍的诊断。

附加说明摘要

在这篇描述性综述中，我们系统化了关于心理健康数字技术的伦理问题，特别关注精神分裂症患者。在这些技术的实施过程中存在许多未解决的困境和利益冲突，例如（1）缺乏有效性和对自我认知影响的证据；（二）日常实施的安全性缺乏明确的标准；（三）技术作用不明确，各方责任转移；(4) 不保证数据的机密性；(5) 缺乏满足精神分裂症患者特殊需求的以用户为中心的设计。移动医疗可以改善精神病学护理，使精神保健服务更加高效和个性化，同时消除精神健康障碍。为了确保这些技术能够造福于精神疾病患者，我们需要提高精神保健专家、卫生政策制定者、软件开发人员、患者本人及其代理人对道德问题的敏感度。此外，我们需要制定框架以促进数字技术行业的可持续发展，并在临床环境中为精神分裂症患者负责任地使用此类技术。我们建议精神病学中的数字技术，特别是精神分裂症和其他严重的精神健康障碍，应在专业监督下纳入治疗，而不是作为一种自我治疗工具。软件开发人员、患者本人及其代理人。此外，我们需要制定框架以促进数字技术行业的可持续发展，并在临床环境中为精神分裂症患者负责任地使用此类技术。我们建议精神病学中的数字技术，特别是精神分裂症和其他严重的精神健康障碍，应在专业监督下纳入治疗，而不是作为一种自我治疗工具。软件开发人员、患者本人及其代理人。此外，我们需要制定框架以促进数字技术行业的可持续发展，并在临床环境中为精神分裂症患者负责任地使用此类技术。我们建议精神病学中的数字技术，特别是精神分裂症和其他严重的精神健康障碍，应在专业监督下纳入治疗，而不是作为一种自我治疗工具。