Sludge-based activated carbons (SACs) prepared from sewage sludge and corn straw, were modified by ferric nitrate, and the unmodified SAC and modified SAC were used as the adsorbing agent to treat the landfill leachate, the elimination capacity for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and organic matter in leachate were studied. Based on this, the physicochemical properties of SACs and the components changes in leachate were analyzed and characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy. The results showed that under optimal experimental conditions, the elimination capacities of SAC372 for COD, biological oxygen demand over 5 days, and NH₄⁺–N in the leachate were 81.58%, 54.73%, and 69.08%, respectively; while the adsorption capacities of modified SAC for these three substances were 86.25%, 63.51%, and 79.15%, respectively. The ferric nitrate modification improved the ability of SAC to eliminate COD and organic matter from leachate slightly, and made the adsorption occurred easily. The adsorption process of unmodified SAC was dominated by multi-layer adsorption, while the adsorption process of modified SAC was dominated by monolayer adsorption. The mass fraction of Fe (2p) in modified SAC remarkably increased, from 0.70% to 26.01%, organic functional groups certain phase of Fe oxides with different valence states were generated in SAC, which provided a substrate for iron–carbon micro electrolysis. After adsorbed by unmodified SAC and modified SAC adsorption, the total fluorescence intensity of in the leachate increased by 17.01% and 116.84%, respectively. Both two SACs could decompose the humic acid-like substances into aromatic protein organic compounds, and modified SAC could further decompose the soluble microbial byproduct-like substances.

以污水污泥和玉米秸秆为原料，采用硝酸铁改性污泥基活性炭（SACs），以未改性的SAC和改性的SAC作为吸附剂处理垃圾渗滤液，提高化学需氧量（COD）的消除能力。 ) 和渗滤液中的有机物进行了研究。在此基础上，利用X射线光电子能谱和三维荧光光谱对SACs的理化性质和渗滤液中的成分变化进行了分析和表征。结果表明，在最佳实验条件下，SAC372对COD、5 d生物需氧量、NH ₄ ⁺渗滤液中-N分别为81.58%、54.73%和69.08%；而改性SAC对这三种物质的吸附量分别为86.25%、63.51%和79.15%。硝酸铁改性略微提高了SAC对渗滤液中COD和有机物的去除能力，使吸附更容易发生。未改性SAC的吸附过程以多层吸附为主，而改性SAC的吸附过程以单层吸附为主。改性SAC中Fe(2p)的质量分数显着增加，从0.70%提高到26.01%，在SAC中生成了一定相的不同价态Fe氧化物的有机官能团，为铁碳微电解提供了基质。经未改性 SAC 吸附和改性 SAC 吸附后，渗滤液中的总荧光强度分别提高了17.01%和116.84%。两种SAC均能将类腐植酸类物质分解为芳香蛋白有机化合物，改性后的SAC可进一步分解可溶性类微生物副产物物质。