The high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and the polystyrene (PS), which are typical microplastic contaminants, are frequently detected in the environment and have potential hazard to environmental health. In this study, the accumulation, elimination, tissue distribution and potential effects of the HDPE and the PS in the mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) were evaluated. The HDPE and the PS were found in various tissues (digestive gland > gill > gonad ≈ muscle) with no difference in distribution patterns. The accumulation of the HDPE and the PS rapidly increased in the first 48 h exposure, and the accumulation of HDPE was higher than that of PS. After 144 h of elimination, most of the HDPE and the PS were cleared by mussels. In addition, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and the content of oxidized glutathione considerably increased, indicating that the HDPE and the PS induced oxidative stress and prevented oxidative damage in elimination. The metabolomic analysis suggested that exposure to HDPE and PS induced alterations in the metabolic profiles of mussel. Differential metabolites were involved in energy metabolism, lipid metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle and neurotoxic response., and Meanwhile, the PS had a lower effect on mussel metabolism during elimination, but the effect of HDPE was increased. Overall, this study elucidated that the HDPE and the PS caused adverse effects on the mussels and provided insights toward understanding the hazard of different microplastics on aquatic organisms.

高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）和聚苯乙烯（PS）是典型的微塑料污染物，在环境中经常被检测到，并可能危害环境健康。在这项研究中，HDPE和PS在贻贝（Mytilus galloprovincialis）中的积累，消除，组织分布和潜在影响）进行了评估。HDPE和PS存在于各种组织中（消化腺>腮>性腺≈肌肉），分布方式没有差异。HDPE和PS的积累在最初的48小时暴露中迅速增加，并且HDPE的积累高于PS。消除144小时后，贻贝清除了大部分HDPE和PS。此外，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD），过氧化氢酶（CAT）的活性和氧化型谷胱甘肽的含量大大增加，这表明HDPE和PS诱导了氧化应激并阻止了氧化损伤的消除。代谢组学分析表明，暴露于HDPE和PS会引起贻贝代谢谱的改变。差异代谢物参与能量代谢，脂质代谢，三羧酸循环和神经毒性反应。同时，PS对消除贻贝过程中的贻贝代谢影响较小，但HDPE的作用增强。总体而言，这项研究阐明了HDPE和PS对贻贝造成了不利影响，并为了解不同微塑料对水生生物的危害提供了见识。