This paper uses unconditional quantile regression methods to evaluate the incidence of GATT/WTO membership on poverty in countries with different poverty rates. My results suggest that GATT/WTO membership increases significantly poverty across the entire unconditional distribution of poverty. Countries with the highest poverty rates incur larger poverty increases after joining GATT/WTO than countries with lower poverty rates. However, the results point out heterogeneity among countries depending on the reforms carried upon GATT/WTO membership. The results indicate that countries that conducted extensive policy reforms and were not subject to Article XXVI 5(c) are associated with poverty reduction. Also, by splitting the sample into groups of countries that have and do not have a comparative advantage in agriculture, I find that countries with lower poverty rates that are net exporters of agricultural products experience poverty reduction, whereas poverty increases in net importing countries across poverty quantiles. These results are robust across different unconditional quantile regression methods and to the selection bias.

中文翻译：

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关贸总协定/世贸组织成员-贫困关系：无条件分位数回归方法

本文使用无条件分位数回归方法来评估不同贫困率国家的 GATT/WTO 成员资格对贫困的影响。我的研究结果表明，关贸总协定/世贸组织成员身份在整个无条件贫困分布中显着增加了贫困。与贫困率较低的国家相比，贫困率最高的国家在加入关贸总协定/世贸组织后发生的贫困增加幅度更大。然而，结果表明各国之间的异质性取决于 GATT/WTO 成员资格所进行的改革。结果表明，进行了广泛政策改革且不受第 XXVI 条 5(c) 约束的国家与减贫有关。此外，通过将样本分成具有和不具有农业比较优势的国家组，我发现作为农产品净出口国的贫困率较低的国家经历了减贫，而净进口国的贫困在跨贫困分位数增加。这些结果在不同的无条件分位数回归方法和选择偏差中都是稳健的。