Abstract

There are many fresh water inputs to the Black Sea that differ significantly from each other in terms of both the water level and the extent of the river basin. Seasonal distributions of dissolved metal/metalloid concentrations were measured using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer (ICP-MS) in 13 rivers (Kızılırmak, Yeşilırmak, Melet, Pazarsuyu, Aksu, Harşit, Değirmendere, Solaklı, Ïyidere, Büyükdere, Fırtına, Çağlayan, and Kapistre) discharge of waters to Eastern Black Sea coast of Turkey and the results were compared in this study. The highest mean levels were found as aluminium (Al): 174 μg/L, chromium (Cr): 1.02 μg/L, manganese (Mn): 56 μg/L, copper (Cu): 3.2 μg/L, lead (Pb): 0.37 μg/L in Melet and iron (Fe): 130 μg/L, arsenic (As): 3.9 μg/L, antimony (Sb): 2.2 μg/L in Yeşilırmak and cobalt (Co): 0.20 μg/L, nickel (Ni): 3.4 μg/L, molybdenum (Mo): 1.5 μg/L in Kızılırmak rivers. The highest mean concentration of zinc (Zn): 68 μg/L was determined in Degirmendere and the highest mean cadmium (Cd) concentration (0.29 μg/L) was measured in Harşit. The lowest average Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb concentrations were detected in the Çağlayan. The rivers were grouped in three separate groups according to PCA analysis. The abundance of As, Ni, Co, Sb, Mo, Cr elements were higher in the first group of rivers characterized by a large river basin, while the abundance of Al, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb elements was higher in the second group of rivers with high erosional effect. The average manganese (Mn) profile in the Melet has been identified as above the legal limits for drinking water determined by Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and European Commission (EC). The Yeşilırmak in terms of antimony (Sb), and the Yeşilırmak and the Kızılırmak in terms of arsenic (As) and nickel (Ni) differs greatly compared to other rivers. The highest average Sb concentration had been identified in autumn. Arsenic concentrations of the Kızılırmak and the Yeşilırmak were higher than other rivers in all seasons. It has been determined that the extent and geological structures of the river basins and erosional transport play an important role in the classification of rivers in terms of metal/metalloid contents. It has also been shown that knowing the spatial and temporal changes of the water quality of rivers is essential for future projections and protection.

中文翻译：

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土耳其东部黑海河流中溶解金属/金属的评估

摘要

在水位和流域范围方面，有很多输入黑海的淡水彼此之间有很大差异。使用感应耦合等离子体质谱仪（ICP-MS）在13条河流（Kızılırmak，Yesilırmak，Melet，Pazarsuyu，Aksu，Harşit，Değirmendere，Solaklı，Ïyidere，Büyükdere，Färtı， Kapistre）向土耳其黑海东部沿海地区排放水域，并在本研究中对结果进行了比较。平均水平最高的是铝（Al）：174μg/ L，铬（Cr）：1.02μg/ L，锰（Mn）：56μg/ L，铜（Cu）：3.2μg/ L，铅（Pb ）：Me（Melet）中的铁含量为0.37μg/ L，铁（Fe）：130μg/ L，砷（As）：3.9μg/ L，锑（Sb）：叶氏铁和钴（Co）中的含量为2.2μg/ L，0.20μg/ L ，镍（Ni）：3.4μg/ L，钼（Mo）：在Kızılırmak河中为1.5μg/ L。在Degirmendere中测定的最高平均锌（Zn）浓度：68μg/ L，在Harşit中测定的最高平均镉（Cd）浓度（0.29μg/ L）。在Çağlayan中检测到最低的平均Cr，Mn，Fe，Co，Ni，Cu，Zn，As，Cd和Pb浓度。根据PCA分析，将河流分为三个独立的组。以大流域为特征的第一组河流中As，Ni，Co，Sb，Mo，Cr元素的丰度较高，而第二组中Al，Mn，Zn，Cu，Pb元素的丰度较高具有高侵蚀作用的河流。Melet中的平均锰（Mn）含量已被确定为高于环境保护局（EPA）和欧洲委员会（EC）确定的饮用水法定限值。与其他河流相比，Yesilırmak的锑含量（Sb），Yesililmak和Kızılırmak含量的砷（As）和镍（Ni）差异很大。在秋季确定了最高的平均Sb浓度。在所有季节中，Kızılırmak和Yeşilırmak的砷浓度均高于其他河流。已经确定，根据金属/准金属含量，流域的范围和地质结构以及侵蚀性运输在河流分类中起着重要作用。研究还表明，了解河流水质的时空变化对于未来的预测和保护至关重要。在秋季确定了最高的平均Sb浓度。在所有季节中，Kızılırmak和Yeşilırmak的砷浓度均高于其他河流。已经确定，根据金属/准金属含量，流域的范围和地质结构以及侵蚀性运输在河流分类中起着重要作用。研究还表明，了解河流水质的时空变化对于未来的预测和保护至关重要。在秋季确定了最高的平均Sb浓度。在所有季节中，Kızılırmak和Yeşilırmak的砷浓度均高于其他河流。已经确定，根据金属/准金属含量，流域的范围和地质结构以及侵蚀性运输在河流分类中起着重要作用。研究还表明，了解河流水质的时空变化对于未来的预测和保护至关重要。已经确定，根据金属/准金属含量，流域的范围和地质结构以及侵蚀性运输在河流分类中起着重要作用。研究还表明，了解河流水质的时空变化对于未来的预测和保护至关重要。已经确定，根据金属/准金属含量，流域的范围和地质结构以及侵蚀性运输在河流分类中起着重要作用。研究还表明，了解河流水质的时空变化对于未来的预测和保护至关重要。