Background. Benzodiazepines have been widely used in clinical practice for over four decades and continue to be one of the most consumed and highly prescribed class of drugs available in the treatment of anxiety, depression, and insomnia. The literature indicates that Benzodiazepine users at a significantly increased risk of Motor Vehicle accidents compared to nonusers but the impact on injuries at workplace is not well defined. We aimed to investigate whether use of benzodiazepine is associated with increased risk of occupational injuries (OI). Methods. PubMed, Embase and Scopus databases were searched. A meta-analysis was performed to calculate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) among case controls, cross-sectional studies, either questionnaire or laboratory exams based. Results. A total of 13 studies met inclusion criteria, involving 324,168 OI from 7 different countries, with an estimated occurrence of benzodiazepine positivity of 2.71% (95%CI 1.45-4.98). A total of 14 estimates were retrieved. Of them, 10 were based on laboratory analyses, 3 on institutional databases, while 1 study was based on questionnaires. Regarding the occupational groups, 3 estimates focused on commercial drivers (0.73%, 95%CI 0.12-4.30), that exhibited a reduced risk ratio for benzodiazepine positivity compared to other occupational groups (RR 0.109, 95%CI 0.063-0.187). Eventually, no increased risk for benzodiazepine positivity was identified, either from case control studies (OR 1.520, 95%CI 0.801-2.885, I2 76%), or cross sectional studies, when only laboratory based estimates were taken in account (OR 0.590, 95%CI 0.253-1.377, I2 63%). Conclusions. Even though benzodiazepines have the potential to increase injury rates among casual and chronic users, available evidence are insufficient to sustain this hypothesis, particularly when focusing on laboratory-based studies (i.e. studies the characterized the benzodiazepine immediately before the event).

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职业性伤害和苯二氮卓类药物的使用：系统评价和荟萃分析

背景。苯二氮卓类药物已在临床实践中广泛使用了四十年，并且一直是可用于治疗焦虑症，抑郁症和失眠症的最消耗和处方最严格的药物之一。文献表明，与非使用者相比，苯二氮卓类使用者的机动车事故风险显着增加，但对工作场所伤害的影响尚不明确。我们旨在调查使用苯二氮卓是否与职业伤害（OI）风险增加相关。方法。搜索PubMed，Embase和Scopus数据库。进行荟萃分析，以计算病例对照，横断面研究（基于问卷或实验室检查）之间的比值比（OR）和95％置信区间（CI）。结果。共有13项研究符合纳入标准，涉及来自7个不同国家的324,168个OI，估计的苯二氮卓阳性率为2.71％（95％CI 1.45-4.98）。总共检索了14个估计值。其中，有10项是基于实验室分析，有3项是基于机构数据库，而有1项研究是基于问卷调查。关于职业组，有3个评估集中于商业驱动因素（0.73％，95％CI 0.12-4.30），与其他职业组相比，苯二氮卓阳性的风险比降低了（RR 0.109，95％CI 0.063-0.187）。最终，从病例对照研究（OR 1.520，95％CI 0.801-2.885，I2 76％）或仅考虑实验室评估（OR 0.590， 95％CI 0.253-1.377，I2 63％）。结论