Abstract

Histotripsy is the first noninvasive, non-ionizing, and non-thermal ablation technology guided by real-time imaging. Using focused ultrasound delivered from outside the body, histotripsy mechanically destroys tissue through cavitation, rendering the target into acellular debris. The material in the histotripsy ablation zone is absorbed by the body within 1–2 months, leaving a minimal remnant scar. Histotripsy has also been shown to stimulate an immune response and induce abscopal effects in animal models, which may have positive implications for future cancer treatment. Histotripsy has been investigated for a wide range of applications in preclinical studies, including the treatment of cancer, neurological diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. Three human clinical trials have been undertaken using histotripsy for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia, liver cancer, and calcified valve stenosis. This review provides a comprehensive overview of histotripsy covering the origin, mechanism, bioeffects, parameters, instruments, and the latest results on preclinical and human studies.

 抽象的

组织解剖学是第一种由实时成像引导的非侵入性、非电离、非热消融技术。组织解剖学利用从体外传递的聚焦超声波，通过空化作用机械地破坏组织，使目标变成无细胞碎片。组织解剖消融区域中的材料在 1-2 个月内被身体吸收，留下最小的残留疤痕。组织解剖学还被证明可以刺激免疫反应并在动物模型中诱导远隔效应，这可能对未来的癌症治疗产生积极影响。组织解剖学已在临床前研究中得到广泛应用，包括癌症、神经系统疾病和心血管疾病的治疗。已经进行了三项利用组织解剖学治疗良性前列腺增生、肝癌和钙化瓣膜狭窄的人体临床试验。这篇综述对组织解剖学进行了全面的概述，涵盖起源、机制、生物效应、参数、仪器以及临床前和人体研究的最新结果。