ABSTRACT

Tarakihi (Nemadactylus macropterus) is a demersal fish that supports valuable commercial, recreational, and customary fisheries in New Zealand. However, little is known about its stock structure. The population genetic structure, genetic diversity, and demographic history of N. macropterus were investigated using the hypervariable region one of the mitochondrial control region. 370 samples from 14 locations around New Zealand were collected. While weak genetic breaks were detected between Hawke’s Bay and East Northland and between the west and east coasts of South Island, no clear genetic structure was detected for the overall New Zealand area (Ф_ST = 0.002, P = 0.18), indicative of a panmictic genetic structure. N. macropterus display a high level of genetic diversity and appear to have a historically large and stable population with a long evolutionary history. Bayesian skyline analysis indicates that the historic population has gone through two expansions, likely caused by repeated glacial cycles during the second half of the Pleistocene. The addition of 15 king tarakihi samples (Nemadactylus n.sp.) collected from the Three Kings Islands showed a clear genetic differentiation between the two morphotypes. These findings can inform the future management of N. macropterus and N. n.sp. to ensure a sustainable harvest.

摘要

Tarakihi ( Nemadactylus macropterus ) 是一种底层鱼类，支持新西兰有价值的商业、休闲和习惯渔业。然而，人们对其股票结构知之甚少。使用线粒体控制区之一的高变区研究了N. macropterus的种群遗传结构、遗传多样性和人口统计学历史。收集了来自新西兰各地 14 个地点的 370 个样本。虽然在霍克湾和北岛东部以及南岛的西海岸和东海岸之间检测到弱遗传断裂，但在整个新西兰地区没有检测到明显的遗传结构（Ф _ST  = 0.002，P  = 0.18），表明存在恐慌症遗传结构。N. macropterus显示出高水平的遗传多样性，并且似乎拥有历史上庞大而稳定的种群，具有悠久的进化历史。贝叶斯天际线分析表明，历史人口经历了两次扩张，可能是由于更新世后半期反复的冰川周期造成的。从三王群岛收集的 15 个王 tarakihi 样品 ( Nemadactylus n.sp.) 的添加显示了两种形态类型之间的明显遗传差异。这些发现可以为未来对大翅猪笼草和猪笼草的管理提供信息。n.sp。以确保可持续的收成。