G. A. Cohen's value conservatism entails that we ought to preserve some existing sources of value in lieu of more valuable replacements, thereby repudiating maximizing consequentialism. Cohen motivates value conservatism through illustrative cases. The consequentialist, however, can explain many Cohen-style cases by taking extrinsic properties, such as historical significance, to be sources of final value. Nevertheless, it may be intuitive that there's stronger reason to preserve than to promote certain sources of value, especially historically significant things. This motivates an argument that the weights of our reasons to preserve such things are especially strong relative to the amounts of value they bear. The value conservative can then explain these intuitions in non-consequentialist terms. There may be reason to preserve historically significant things as a matter of recognition respect for a cultural and historical heritage, or because it is virtuous to cultivate the right kind of connection with such a heritage.

中文翻译：

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价值保守主义及其对后果主义的挑战

GA Cohen 的价值保守主义要求我们应该保留一些现有的价值来源，而不是更有价值的替代品，从而否定最大化结果主义。科恩通过说明性案例激发了价值保守主义。然而，结果论者可以通过将外在属性（例如历史意义）作为最终价值的来源来解释许多科恩式的案例。然而，与推广某些价值来源，尤其是具有历史意义的事物相比，保存的理由可能更明显。这引发了一个论点，即我们保留这些东西的理由的权重相对于金额他们承担的价值。然后，价值保守派可以用非结果论的术语来解释这些直觉。出于对文化和历史遗产的承认尊重，或者因为培养与此类遗产的正确联系是美德，可能有理由保存具有历史意义的事物。