Posterior fossa tumors (PFTs) include medulloblastomas, atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors, pilocytic astrocytomas, ependymomas, and brainstem gliomas. We evaluated patients with surgery at our clinic, comparing epidemiological, clinical, radiological, and pathological characteristics of medulloblastoma and ependymoma to identify factors that might assist preoperative diagnosis, help to develop treatment algorithms, and have prognostic value after surgery. Pediatric patients from 0 to 16 and young adults from 16 to 29 years of age with surgery for pathologically confirmed ependymomas or medulloblastomas between January 2014 and January 2020 were eligible. The study included 19 patients, seven with ependymoma (37%) and 12 with medulloblastoma (63.2%). The ependymoma patients were 5.29 ± 5.85 years of age, the medulloblastoma patients were 11.58 ± 8.17 years of age, and 16 patients (84%) were children.Fifteen patients (79%) presented with signs of increased intracranial pressure and four (21%) presented with cerebellar findings. MRI found that 74% (14) of the PSTs were located in the midline, including six of the seven ependymomas (86%) and eight of the 12 medulloblastomas (67%). Enhancement was significantly greater in medulloblastomas compared with ependymomas (p = 0.022). In according to pathology results; synaptophysin, NSE, chromogranin and 50% GFAP positivity were observed in medulloblastoma. Ependymomas were S100 (43%) and vimentin (29%) positive. Ependymoma patients were younger than medulloblastoma patients and more were female. There were no significant differences in the clinical findings, but ependymomas were larger and had greater rates of enhancement and spinal metastasis compared with medulloblastomas.

中文翻译：

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位于颅后窝的室管膜瘤和髓母细胞瘤的比较：解剖学和组织病理学研究。

后颅窝肿瘤（PFT）包括髓母细胞瘤，非典型类畸形/类瘤瘤，毛细胞星形细胞瘤，室管膜瘤和脑干神经胶质瘤。我们在诊所对接受手术治疗的患者进行了评估，比较了髓母细胞瘤和室管膜瘤的流行病学，临床，放射学和病理学特征，以识别可能有助于术前诊断，有助于制定治疗算法并在手术后具有预后价值的因素。2014年1月至2020年1月间经病理证实的室间隔膜瘤或髓母细胞瘤接受手术治疗的0至16岁的儿童患者和16至29岁的年轻人。该研究包括19例患者，其中7例患有室间隔膜瘤（37％），而12例患有髓母细胞瘤（63.2％）。室管膜瘤患者为5.29±5.85岁，髓母细胞瘤患者为11.58±8。17岁，其中16例（84％）为儿童; 15例（79％）表现为颅内压升高，四例（21％）表现为小脑。MRI发现74％（14）的PST位于中线，包括7个室管膜瘤中的6个（86％）和12个髓母细胞瘤中的8个（67％）。与肾上腺瘤相比，髓母细胞瘤的增强显着更大（p = 0.022）。根据病理结果；在髓母细胞瘤中观察到突触素，NSE，嗜铬粒蛋白和50％GFAP阳性。室膜瘤S100（43％）和波形蛋白（29％）呈阳性。室间隔膜瘤患者比髓母细胞瘤患者年轻，女性多。临床发现无明显差异，