Despite the central importance often placed on expectations in defining norms, expectations are routinely invoked in a fleeting manner. When they are, expectations are utilised in many different ways, without anyone acknowledging this, which creates confusion. The article argues that expectations should not be viewed as playing a singular role in the norm process. Instead, it puts forward three roles that expectations play in norm dynamics: (i) norms embody expectations, (ii), norms generate expectations, (iii), that different actor expectations have a direct bearing on how norms travel. In so doing, the article seeks to catalyse a much-needed conversation over the concept of expectations in norm dynamics. To aid this, the interdisciplinary analysis draws on Political Psychology, Economics, and Political Science to highlight that other disciplines have spent decades analysing the complexities of expectations. The conclusion offers five recommendations to guide future interdisciplinary research on this underexplored issue.

尽管在定义规范时经常将期望放在最重要的位置，但通常会以短暂的方式调用期望。当它们存在时，期望以多种不同的方式被利用，而没有人承认这一点，这会造成混乱。文章认为，不应将期望视为在规范过程中扮演的角色。相反，它提出了期望在规范动态中发挥的三个作用：（i）规范体现期望；（ii）规范产生期望；（iii）不同的参与者期望与规范的传播方式直接相关。通过这样做，本文力求就规范动力学中的期望概念引发一场急需的对话。为此，跨学科分析借鉴了政治心理学，经济学，以及《政治科学》，以强调其他学科已经花费了数十年的时间来分析期望的复杂性。结论提供了五项建议，以指导有关这一尚未充分探讨的问题的未来跨学科研究。