The plantation as a fusion of rural industry and commercial agriculture has become a shorthand for the the intensification of land-use, circulation of commodities, and the organization of labor concomitant with the modern world. While not the only place where plantations existed, the Atlantic is the context in which most archaeological research has taken place leaving untested certain assumptions about the development of the plantation. and the regions which informed its varied materializations in the modern world. By extending the the methods and approaches employed by archaeologists studying plantations to South India, we decenter plantation narratives and show how Indian Ocean commercial agriculture and rural industry also enabled the modern world. This article reports on results from the first phase of the Colonial Tharangambadi Archaeological Survey (CTAS). The goal of CTAS was to document changing settlement patterns, settlement organization, and material assemblage through a systematic landscape survey in the former Danish colonial enclave, Tranquebar (Tharangambadi). Specifically, we documented one South Indian settlement formation devoted to commercial agriculture called “gardens,” which has origins in the sixth century CE, or earlier, and how they were used outside the town’s walls in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. We argue that from historically distinctive agrarian facilities geared to commercial production, these plantation-like rural industries developed quite broadly using vulnerable labor to produce plant commodities in high volume for international markets. The particularities of plantation studies are enriched by considerations of parallel developments under similar conditions, as illustrated by India’s lesser-known Danish colony.

种植园是农村工业和商业农业的融合，已经成为土地使用，商品流通和与现代世界相伴的劳动力组织的集约化形式。尽管不是唯一存在人工林的地方，但大西洋是大多数考古研究进行的背景，未对人工林的发展做出某些未经检验的假设。以及在现代世界中告知其各种实现的地区。通过将考古学家研究种植园所采用的方法和方法扩展到印度南部，我们使种植园叙事偏离中心，并展示了印度洋商业农业和农村工业如何也促进了现代世界的发展。本文报告了殖民地Tharangambadi考古调查（CTAS）第一阶段的结果。CTAS的目标是通过在丹麦前殖民地Tranquebar（Tharangambadi）进行系统的景观调查，记录不断变化的定居方式，定居组织和材料组合。具体来说，我们记录了一个南印度人的定居地，专门用于商业农业，称为“花园”，其起源于公元六世纪或更早，以及在18世纪和19世纪如何在城墙外使用。我们认为，从历史上独特的，适合商业生产的农业设施来看，这些类似于种植园的农村产业在很大程度上利用脆弱的劳动力为国际市场生产大量的植物商品。