In building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) solar energy projects, cost effectiveness, durability, and long-term reliability are among the criteria that should be taken into consideration as well as the gain in electricity generation efficiency. Also, in a study, it is stated that a dual-axis solar tracking system occupies approximately 100% more space than a single-axis system and 160% more than a fixed-angle system. It has been observed that most of the studies that are mounted on the building and include a tracking system are small-scale experimental studies. The aim of this article is to present a systematic analysis with a low investment cost, a low operating cost, and high reliability, in a real application especially for roof applications in buildings. Three buildings in the same location and with the same roof area were selected. Photovoltaic power plants with 23.68 kW power were installed; these panels had three types: fixed-angle, manually controlled, and single-axis solar tracking systems. The energy generation system is connected to the network with a double-sided meter, and there is a double-sided energy flow. The energy produced is used to meet the energy needs of the vehicle charging station and common areas of the buildings. Although the single-axis tracking system is 27.85% more efficient than other energy generation methods, the manually adjusted method has proven to have the shortest amortization time. The study also presents shading, which is a serious problem in large-scale roof projects, and the area covered by the module per unit watt produced.

中文翻译：

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屋顶式太阳能发电厂和电动汽车充电站太阳能跟踪方法的技术经济性能分析

在建筑集成光伏（BIPV）太阳能项目中，成本效率，耐用性和长期可靠性是获得发电效率所应考虑的标准之一。而且，在一项研究中，据称双轴太阳跟踪系统比单轴系统占据的空间大约大100％，比固定角度系统占据的空间大160％。已经观察到，安装在建筑物上并包括跟踪系统的大多数研究都是小规模的实验研究。本文的目的是在实际应用中，特别是在建筑物的屋顶应用中，提供一种投资成本低，运行成本低，可靠性高的系统分析。选择了三座位于相同位置和屋顶面积的建筑物。安装了功率为23.68 kW的光伏电站；这些面板具有三种类型：固定角度，手动控制和单轴太阳跟踪系统。能量生成系统通过双面仪表连接到网络，并且存在双面能量流。产生的能量用于满足车辆充电站和建筑物公共区域的能量需求。尽管单轴跟踪系统的效率比其他能源生成方法高27.85％，但事实证明，手动调整方法的摊销时间最短。这项研究还提出了遮阳，这在大型屋顶项目中是一个严重的问题，并且每单位功率产生的模块所覆盖的面积也很大。和单轴太阳跟踪系统。能量生成系统通过双面仪表连接到网络，并且存在双面能量流。产生的能量用于满足车辆充电站和建筑物公共区域的能量需求。尽管单轴跟踪系统的效率比其他能源生成方法高27.85％，但事实证明，手动调整方法的摊销时间最短。这项研究还提出了遮阳，这在大型屋顶项目中是一个严重的问题，并且每单位功率产生的模块所覆盖的面积也很大。和单轴太阳跟踪系统。能量生成系统通过双面仪表连接到网络，并且存在双面能量流。产生的能量用于满足车辆充电站和建筑物公共区域的能量需求。尽管单轴跟踪系统的效率比其他能源生成方法高27.85％，但事实证明，手动调整方法的摊销时间最短。这项研究还提出了遮阳，这在大型屋顶项目中是一个严重的问题，并且每单位功率产生的模块所覆盖的面积也很大。产生的能量用于满足车辆充电站和建筑物公共区域的能量需求。尽管单轴跟踪系统的效率比其他能源生成方法高27.85％，但事实证明，手动调整方法的摊销时间最短。这项研究还提出了遮阳，这在大型屋顶项目中是一个严重的问题，并且每单位功率产生的模块所覆盖的面积也很大。产生的能量用于满足车辆充电站和建筑物公共区域的能量需求。尽管单轴跟踪系统的效率比其他能源生成方法高27.85％，但事实证明，手动调整方法的摊销时间最短。这项研究还提出了遮阳，这在大型屋顶项目中是一个严重的问题，并且每单位功率产生的模块所覆盖的面积也很大。