Abstract

This study explores the associated factors for multiple-threats and near-miss incidents resulting from drivers yielding right-of-way at signalized midblock crosswalks. It utilized observational survey data collected from 15 crosswalks located in Las Vegas, Nevada. The study sites are signalized with yellow flash-based signals. The descriptive analysis revealed that 5.61% and 1.56% of all 3976 driver-pedestrian interactions were multiple-threat and near-miss incidents, respectively. Due to the rarity of the events, traditional logistic regression (TLR) and rare events logistic regression (RELR) were applied and compared. The RELR performed slightly better than TLR in modeling near-miss events. The modeling results revealed that the odds of near-miss incident occurrences are about five times higher in the presence of multiple-threat incidents. The common factors associated to a high likelihood of multiple-threat and near-miss incidents are number of lanes, high incoming vehicle speeds, and time taken to yield right-of-way. A narrow-raised median, high vehicle density, and green lights at the next intersection downstream of the crosswalk are associated with an increased likelihood of multiple-threat incidents, whereas near-miss incidents are positively associated with residential land use, inner and outer turning lanes, and night time. These study findings can be used by city engineers and planners.

摘要

这项研究探索了由驾驶员在信号中段人行横道处产生通行权而导致的多威胁和未命中事故的相关因素。它利用了在内华达州拉斯维加斯的15条人行横道上收集的观察调查数据。研究地点以基于黄色闪光的信号发出信号。描述性分析显示，在所有3976个驾驶员与人之间的互动中，分别有5.61％和1.56％是多起威胁事件和近乎未遂事件。由于事件的稀有性，传统的逻辑回归（TLR）和罕见事件逻辑回归（RELR）得以应用和比较。在模拟未命中事件时，RELR的表现比TLR稍好。建模结果表明，在存在多威胁事件的情况下，未命中事故发生的几率大约高出五倍。与多起威胁和未命中事故的可能性较高相关的常见因素是车道数量，较高的进入车辆速度以及产生通行权所需的时间。人行横道下游的下一个交叉路口中途升高的中位数，较高的车辆密度和绿灯表示发生多威胁事件的可能性增加，而未遂事件则与住宅用地，内部和外部转弯成正相关车道和夜间。这些研究结果可供城市工程师和规划人员使用。人行横道下游的下一个十字路口的绿灯亮起与发生多威胁事件的可能性增加有关，而未遂事件则与住宅用地，内外转弯车道以及夜间时间成正相关。这些研究结果可供城市工程师和规划人员使用。人行横道下游的下一个十字路口的绿灯亮起与发生多威胁事件的可能性增加有关，而未遂事件则与住宅用地，内部和外部转弯车道以及夜间密切相关。这些研究结果可供城市工程师和规划人员使用。