Third-sector organizations (TSOs) in Europe have been confronted with profound changes to their regulatory and societal environments. By applying the concepts of “organizational paradoxes” and “governance,” we analyze how TSOs have adjusted their governance as a response to these environmental challenges. Based on organizational case studies in France, Germany, and the Netherlands, we argue that TSOs have found multiple ways to address tensions at the organizational level, for example, by mobilizing and combining resources, re-arranging their organizational governance and by adopting new legal forms. These changes have resulted in hybridization and increased organizational complexity that might translate into the emergence of new paradoxes at the organizational level. Therefore, dealing with paradoxes constitutes an ongoing process for TSOs that goes beyond incremental adjustments.

欧洲的第三部门组织（TSO）面临着监管和社会环境的深刻变化。通过应用“组织悖论”和“治理”的概念，我们分析了TSO如何调整其治理以应对这些环境挑战。基于法国，德国和荷兰的组织案例研究，我们认为，TSO已找到多种方法来解决组织层面的紧张局势，例如，通过动员和合并资源，重新安排其组织治理以及采用新的法律形式。这些变化导致了杂交，并增加了组织的复杂性，这可能会导致在组织级别出现新的悖论。所以，