Introduction:

Visual impairment among older adults has increasingly become one of the biggest challenges to public health and personal well-being in the United States. This study aims to examine whether the intersectionality hypothesis can be used in conjunction with the cumulative advantage (disadvantage), persistent inequality, or age-as-leveler to explain heterogeneity in low vision trajectories across birth cohorts, race or ethnicity, gender, and the level of education.

Methods:

Growth curve modeling was used to analyze data from the 2002–2014 Health and Retirement Study.

Results:

The type of trajectory (i.e., cumulative advantage or disadvantage, the persistent inequality, and the age-as-leveler) that characterize low vision is largely dependent upon the characteristics of an individual (i.e., race or ethnicity, gender, and education).

Discussion:

Trajectories of low vision are higher among females and those from ethnic minority groups with low levels of education.

Implications for practitioners:

Targeted interventions and attempts to close interethnic disparities in vision functioning should begin early on in life and should focus on racial ethnic minorities, females, and those with low education.

中文翻译：

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评估低视力的纵向变化：竞争假设的检验

介绍：

老年人的视力障碍已日益成为美国公共卫生和个人福祉的最大挑战之一。这项研究旨在检验是否可以将交叉性假设与累积优势（劣势），持续性不平等或同龄人结合使用，以解释跨出生人群，种族或族裔，性别和性别的低视力轨迹的异质性。教育程度。

方法：

增长曲线建模用于分析2002-2014年健康与退休研究的数据。

结果：

视力低下的轨迹类型（即累积的优势或劣势，持续的不平等以及平等的年龄水平）在很大程度上取决于个人的特征（即种族或族裔，性别和教育程度）。

讨论：

女性和受教育程度较低的少数民族群体中，低视力的轨迹较高。

对从业者的启示：

有针对性的干预措施和缩小种族间视觉功能差异的尝试应从生命的早期开始，并应着重于少数民族，女性和文化程度较低的人群。