Evidence supports early rehabilitation after stroke to limit disability. However, stroke survivors are typically sedentary and experience significant cardiovascular and muscular deconditioning. Despite growing consensus that preclinical and clinical stroke recovery research should be aligned, there have been few attempts to incorporate cardiovascular and skeletal muscle deconditioning into animal models of stroke. Here, we demonstrate in rats that a hindlimb sensorimotor cortex stroke results in both cardiovascular and skeletal muscle deconditioning and impairments in gait akin to those observed in humans. To reduce poststroke behavioral, cardiovascular, and skeletal muscle perturbations, we then used a combinatorial intervention consisting of aerobic and resistance exercise in conjunction with administration of resveratrol (RESV), a drug with exercise mimetic properties. A combination of aerobic and resistance exercise mitigated decreases in cardiovascular fitness and attenuated skeletal muscle abnormalities. RESV, beginning 24 hours poststroke, reduced acute hindlimb impairments, improved recovery in hindlimb function, increased vascular density in the perilesional cortex, and attenuated skeletal muscle fiber changes. Early RESV treatment and aerobic and resistance exercise independently provided poststroke benefits, at a time when individuals are rapidly becoming deconditioned as a result of inactivity. Although no additive effects were observed in these experiments, this approach represents a promising strategy to reduce poststroke behavioral impairments and minimize deconditioning. As such, this treatment regime has potential for enabling patients to engage in more intensive rehabilitation at an earlier time following stroke when mechanisms of neuroplasticity are most prevalent.

证据支持中风后早期康复以限制残疾。然而，中风幸存者通常是久坐不动的，并且经历了显着的心血管和肌肉失调。尽管越来越多的共识是临床前和临床中风恢复研究应该保持一致，但很少有人尝试将心血管和骨骼肌去适应症纳入中风动物模型。在这里，我们在大鼠中证明，后肢感觉运动皮层中风会导致心血管和骨骼肌功能失调和步态障碍，类似于在人类中观察到的。为了减少中风后行为、心血管和骨骼肌的扰动，我们随后使用了由有氧运动和阻力运动组成的组合干预，并结合白藜芦醇 (RESV) 的给药，一种具有运动模拟特性的药物。有氧运动和抗阻运动的结合减轻了心血管健康的下降并减轻了骨骼肌异常。RESV，在中风后 24 小时开始，减少了急性后肢损伤，改善了后肢功能的恢复，增加了病灶周围皮层的血管密度，并减弱了骨骼肌纤维的变化。早期的 RESV 治疗和有氧运动和抗阻运动独立地提供了卒中后的益处，而此时个体由于不活动而迅速变得虚弱。尽管在这些实验中没有观察到附加效应，但这种方法代表了一种有前途的策略，可以减少中风后的行为障碍并最大限度地减少去适应。像这样，