Assessment of tolerance and resistance of inbred rice cultivars to combined infestations of rice water weevil and stemborers,Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata

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Assessment of tolerance and resistance of inbred rice cultivars to combined infestations of rice water weevil and stemborers
Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata ( IF 1.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-07 , DOI: 10.1111/eea.13054
James M. Villegas ₁ , Blake E. Wilson _{1,

2} , Michael J. Stout ₁

Affiliation

Plants possess defense-related traits that both reduce injury from herbivores (resistance) and the amount of yield loss per unit injury (tolerance). Plant resistance and tolerance can be utilized in pest management programs. The rice water weevil, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is the most destructive early-season pest of rice (Oryza sativa L., Poaceae) in the USA. Additionally, lepidopteran stemborers, particularly the invasive Mexican rice borer, Eoreuma loftini (Dyar) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), are increasing in economic importance as pests of rice in Louisiana, USA. This study was conducted to evaluate both the resistance and tolerance of commonly grown inbred rice cultivars in Louisiana to combined infestations of rice water weevils and stemborers. Field experiments were established at the Rice Research Station in Crowley, LA, USA from 2017 to 2019. Eight commonly grown inbred cultivars were selected and pest infestation levels were manipulated using insecticidal seed treatments. The rice cultivar ‘Jupiter’ supported the highest numbers of immature rice water weevils, whereas weevil densities on other cultivars were intermediate. Low levels of stemborer injury were observed in ‘Cheniere’ and ‘Jazzman-2’, which suggests that these cultivars express some resistance to stemborers, whereas high stemborer injury was observed in ‘Cocodrie, ‘CL151’, and ‘Mermentau’. Together, rice water weevil and stemborer infestations negatively affected rice yields, with losses up to 18%. However, differences among cultivars in overall yield losses were minimal. Comparisons of slopes of yield × weevil density relationships among cultivars revealed a greater decline, that is, yield loss per weevil, for Cheniere relative to Cocodrie. Our data suggest that plant resistance can serve as a valuable component of an integrated pest management program, particularly for stemborers.

中文翻译：

水稻自交品种对稻水象甲和螟虫联合侵染的耐受性和抗性评价

植物具有防御相关性状，既能减少食草动物的伤害（抗性），也能减少每单位伤害的产量损失（耐受性）。植物抗性和耐受性可用于害虫管理计划。稻水象鼻虫Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel (鞘翅目: Curculionidae) 是美国最具破坏性的水稻 ( Oryza sativa L., Poaceae)早季害虫。此外，鳞翅目螟虫，尤其是入侵的墨西哥水稻螟虫，Eoreuma loftini（Dyar）（鳞翅目：Crambidae），作为美国路易斯安那州的水稻害虫，其经济重要性正在增加。本研究旨在评估路易斯安那州常见自交水稻品种对稻水象鼻虫和螟虫联合侵染的抗性和耐受性。田间试验于 2017 年至 2019 年在美国洛杉矶克劳利的水稻研究站进行。选择了 8 个常见的近交品种，并使用杀虫种子处理来控制害虫侵染水平。水稻品种“木星”支持的未成熟稻水象鼻虫数量最多，而其他品种的象鼻虫密度中等。在 'Cheniere' 和 'Jazzman-2' 中观察到低水平的茎螟损伤，这表明这些品种对茎螟表现出一些抗性，而在“Cocodrie”、“CL151”和“Mermentau”中观察到高茎螟损伤。稻水象鼻虫和茎螟侵扰共同对水稻产量产生负面影响，损失高达 18%。然而，品种间总产量损失的差异很小。品种间产量×象鼻虫密度关系的斜率比较显示，与 Cocodrie 相比，Cheniere 的下降幅度更大，即每个象鼻虫的产量损失。我们的数据表明，植物抗性可以作为综合害虫管理计划的重要组成部分，特别是对于茎螟。品种间产量×象鼻虫密度关系的斜率比较显示，与 Cocodrie 相比，Cheniere 的下降幅度更大，即每个象鼻虫的产量损失。我们的数据表明，植物抗性可以作为综合害虫管理计划的重要组成部分，特别是对于茎螟。品种间产量×象鼻虫密度关系的斜率比较显示，与 Cocodrie 相比，Cheniere 的下降幅度更大，即每个象鼻虫的产量损失。我们的数据表明，植物抗性可以作为综合害虫管理计划的重要组成部分，特别是对于茎螟。

更新日期：2021-06-09

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