The pseudo-deterministic (or simply deterministic) transport method is used in Monte Carlo particle transport problems to increase the sampling of a region in space that particles have a low probability of reaching. Although it has been used by many authors over the years, mainly due to its implementation in the code MCNP which itself has been extensively validated, to our knowledge, a proof of the unbiasedness of the method has never been published.

This article thus provides a comprehensive mathematical description of the pseudo-deterministic transport method, built from simple transformations of a given random variable representing an arbitrary physical quantity of interest. Some considerations are made for the handling of potential secondary particles created during the interaction process, and of specific estimators such as pulse height or energy spectrum.

This description should allow for a better understanding of the technique, including its possible uses and limitations, and can be used as a reference by both simulation code users and developers looking to implement pseudo-deterministic transport in their code.

在蒙特卡洛粒子传输问题中使用了伪确定性（或简单确定性）传输方法，以增加对粒子具有较低到达概率的空间区域的采样。尽管多年来它已被许多作者使用，主要是由于其在代码MCNP中的实现，而该代码本身已得到广泛验证，据我们所知，从未公开该方法的公正性的证明。

因此，本文提供了对伪确定性传输方法的全面数学描述，该方法是通过对表示任意感兴趣物理量的给定随机变量进行简单转换而构建的。对于处理在交互过程中生成的潜在次级粒子，以及特定估计量（例如脉冲高度或能谱），需要进行一些考虑。

此描述应允许对技术进行更好的理解，包括其可能的用途和局限性，并且可以被仿真代码用户和希望在其代码中实现伪确定性传输的开发人员用作参考。