A novel macro–micro linear actuator based on the giant magnetostrictive material has been proposed to achieve high precision and large-stroke. This structure uses a permanent magnet drive coil structure, and a new cylindrical structure permanent magnet linear actuator is made according to the principle of Lorentz force. The permanent magnet and the shell form stator part, and the giant magnetostrictive actuator (GMA) structure is embedded in the interior as a mover structure to achieve macro-motion displacement; the micro-motion can be realized by controlling the GMA. The micro-motion component and the macro-motion component can always remain coaxial in structure and integrated on a motor structure. The actuator’s output displacement can be adjusted by controlling the macro/micro coil current. Experimental results indicate that the macro-displacement can be up to 30 mm, and the response time is below 0.2 s. The micro-motion positioning accuracy can reach nanometer level, which has the advantages of simple structure and easy installation with coaxial, and has a broad application prospect in the field of precision manufacturing.

为了获得高精度和大行程，已经提出了一种基于巨型磁致伸缩材料的新型宏微线性致动器。该结构采用永磁驱动线圈结构，并根据洛伦兹力原理制成了新型的圆柱结构永磁线性致动器。永磁体和壳体构成定子部分，巨型磁致伸缩执行器（GMA）结构作为动子结构嵌入内部，以实现宏观运动位移；微动可以通过控制GMA来实现。微观运动分量和宏观运动分量始终可以在结构上保持同轴并集成在电机结构上。可以通过控制宏观/微观线圈电流来调整执行器的输出位移。实验结果表明，宏位移可达30 mm，响应时间小于0.2 s。微动定位精度可以达到纳米级，具有结构简单，易于同轴安装的优点，在精密制造领域具有广阔的应用前景。