The article presents the profit optimization model for multi-unit construction projects. Such projects constitute a special case of repetitive projects and are common in residential, commercial, and industrial construction projects. Due to the specific character of construction works, schedules of such projects should take into account many different aspects, including durations and costs of construction works, the possibility of selecting alternative execution modes, and specific restrictions (e.g., deadlines for the completion of units imposed by the investor). To solve the NP-hard problem of choosing the order of units’ construction and the best variants of works, the authors used metaheuristic algorithms (simulated annealing and genetic search). The objective function in the presented optimization model was the total profit of the contractor determined on the basis of the mathematical programming model. This model takes into account monthly cash flows subject to direct and indirect costs, penalties for missing deadlines, costs of work group discontinuities, and borrowing losses. The presented problem is very important for maintaining a good financial condition of the enterprise carrying out construction projects. In the article, an experimental analysis of the proposed method of solving the optimization task was carried out in a model that showed high efficiency in obtaining suboptimal solutions. In addition, the operation of the proposed model has been presented on a calculation example. The results obtained in it are fully satisfying.

本文提出了多单元建设项目的利润优化模型。这些项目是重复项目的特例，在住宅，商业和工业建筑项目中很常见。由于建筑工程的特殊性，此类项目的时间表应考虑到许多不同的方面，包括建筑工程的工期和成本，选择其他执行方式的可能性以及特定的限制（例如，所完成的单元的截止日期）由投资者）。为了解决选择单元构造顺序和最佳工作变体的NP难题，作者使用了元启发式算法（模拟退火和遗传搜索）。所提出的优化模型中的目标函数是根据数学规划模型确定的承包商的总利润。该模型考虑了每月现金流量，该现金流量受到直接和间接成本，截止日期的罚款，工作组间断成本以及借款损失。提出的问题对于保持企业进行建设项目的良好财务状况非常重要。在本文中，在显示出获得次优解的高效率的模型中对提出的解决优化任务的方法进行了实验分析。另外，在一个计算实例中已经提出了所提出的模型的操作。从中获得的结果是完全令人满意的。