Agriculture is widely recognized as a source of considerable greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, with opportunities for mitigation. The limited capacity to identify and collect reliable activity data and to quantify emissions by sources and removals by sinks needs to be addressed. One proposed solution is to adapt IPCC methodologies that include estimations of both CO₂ emissions and carbon sequestration in agricultural systems, which were applied to Colombia at the farm level in this study. The aim of this work was to provide an assessment of GHG balances through these IPCC methodologies to identify potential GHG mitigation in sustainable agricultural systems used in Colombia that provide acceptable GHG trade-offs to the atmosphere. Agroforestry systems made the largest contribution to this mitigation potential because of the potential to sequester carbon in both soil and biomass, giving a negative GHG emission to the atmosphere. GHG balance analysis at the Colombian farm level indicated that conventional agriculture with pastures of Pennisetum clandestinum in rotation with potatoes (PRP) in the Andean zone of Nariño (Colombia) is a large emitter of GHG with 9.1 ton CO₂eq ha⁻¹ year⁻¹. On the other hand, in livestock systems in the Andean zone (Antioquia), intensive silvopastoral systems with 500 Eucalyptus tereticornis trees ha⁻¹ (SSPi) on pastures is a great neutralizer of GHG emissions, accounting for −26.6 t CO₂eq ha⁻¹ year⁻¹. Agroforestry systems play a leading role, as crop rotation and improved pastures can represent a GHG mitigation opportunity for sustainable agricultural production at the farm level in Colombia. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

中文翻译：

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哥伦比亚农业系统的温室气体平衡和减缓潜力：系统分析

农业被广泛认为是大量温室气体 (GHG) 排放的来源，具有减缓的机会。需要解决识别和收集可靠活动数据以及量化源排放量和汇清除量的能力有限的问题。一种提议的解决方案是采用 IPCC 方法，包括估计 CO ₂农业系统中的排放和碳封存，在本研究中应用于哥伦比亚的农场水平。这项工作的目的是通过这些 IPCC 方法提供对温室气体平衡的评估，以确定哥伦比亚使用的可持续农业系统中潜在的温室气体减排，这些系统为大气提供可接受的温室气体权衡。农林业系统对这种减缓潜力的贡献最大，因为它具有在土壤和生物量中固碳的潜力，从而对大气产生负的温室气体排放。哥伦比亚农场一级的温室气体平衡分析表明，在纳里尼奥（哥伦比亚）的安第斯地区，传统农业与马铃薯轮作（PRP）的狼尾草牧场是温室气体的主要排放源，二氧化碳排放量为 9.1 吨₂ eq ha ^-1年^-1。另一方面，在安第斯地区（Antioquia）的畜牧系统中，牧场上有 500棵桉树ha ^-1 (SSPi) 的集约化林牧系统是温室气体排放的重要中和剂，占 -26.6 t CO ₂ eq ha ^{- 1}年^-1。农林业系统发挥着主导作用，因为轮作和改良牧场可以代表哥伦比亚农场层面可持续农业生产的温室气体减排机会。© 2021 化学工业协会和 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.