According to the just world theory, individuals have the need to believe that the world is a fair and predictable place where good things happen to “good” people and bad things happen to “bad” people. Previous research on this theory has focused mainly on students of secondary education and higher education. The current study examines personal (PBJW) and general (GBJW) belief in a just world in 292 fifth and sixth-grade primary school students (M_age = 10.98, SD = 0.74) in Greece. It also investigates the effect of other demographic variables, such as grade, gender, and place of residence on self-esteem. Lastly, it explores the contribution of PBJW and GBJW to self-esteem. Students completed the Greek translation of the scales of General and Personal Belief in a Just World as well as a Self-Esteem Scale. The results indicated that students more strongly endorse PBJW than GBJW. Also, PBJW and children’s place of residence significantly predict self-esteem, indicating that the more the students feel they are treated fairly, the better their level of self-esteem.

根据正义世界理论，个人需要相信世界是一个公平且可预测的地方，好事发生在“好”人身上，坏事发生在“坏”人身上。以前对该理论的研究主要集中在中学和高等教育的学生。本研究调查了292名五年级和六年级小学生（M_年龄 = 10.98，SD）对正义世界的个人（PBJW）和一般（GBJW）信念。 = 0.74）。它还调查了其他人口统计学变量，例如等级，性别和居住地点对自尊的影响。最后，探讨了PBJW和GBJW对自尊的贡献。学生完成了《正义世界》中的一般和个人信仰量表以及自尊量表的希腊语翻译。结果表明，与GBJW相比，学生更支持PBJW。此外，PBJW和孩子的居住地可以显着预测自尊，这表明学生越被公平对待，他们的自尊水平就越高。