This study investigated the effects of Houttuynia cordata floating beds with different cover ratios on fish growth, water quality, and the bacterial microbiota of tilapia and pond water. The experiment included four cover ratio treatments: C5 (5 %), C10 (10 %), C15 (15 %), and the control C0 (0 %). The peak relative removal rates of total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), ammonia nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N), and nitrate nitrogen (NO₃^--N) in treatment C10 were higher than those in C5 and C15. Prior to the 30^th day, the relative removal rates of NH₄⁺-N, NO₃^--N, TN, TP, and PO₄^3--P had risen along with the plant cover ratios. The rank order of the relative removal rates was C10 > C5 > C15 for NH₄⁺-N and TN (after the 45^th day) and TP and PO₄^3--P (after the 60^th day). The body weights of fish in treatments C10 and C15 were higher than those in C5 and C0 (p < 0.05). The relative expression levels of fish immune-related genes (TLR1, TLR2, TLR3, TLR9, TNF-a, and IFN) and the serum NO (nitric oxide), AKP (alkaline phosphatase) and SOD (superoxide dismutase) activities in treatment C10 were also significantly higher than those in C5, C15 and C0 (p < 0.05). On the 45^th day, the observed OTUs as well as the Chao, ACE, Shannon, and Simpson indices in treatment C10 were higher than in all other treatments for both water and gut samples. The results demonstrated that using H. cordata floating beds in aquaponics could improve the pond water quality and increase the richness and diversity of the bacterial community in tilapia ponds and in fish guts. A 10 % cover ratio of H. cordata floating bed was superior to ratios of 15 % and 5 %.

本研究调查了不同覆盖率的鱼腥草浮床对鱼类生长，水质以及罗非鱼和池塘水细菌微生物群的影响。实验包括四种覆盖率处理：C5（5％），C10（10％），C15（15％）和对照C0（0％）。处理C10中的总磷（TP），总氮（TN），氨氮（NH ₄ ⁺ -N）和硝酸盐氮（NO ₃ ^-- N）的峰值相对去除率高于C5和C15。前30^个天，NH的相对移除速率₄ ⁺ -N，NO ₃ ^- -N，TN，TP，和PO ₄ ^3--P随着植物覆盖率的增加而增加。相对移除速率的排列顺序是C10> C5> C15为NH ₄ ⁺ -N和TN（45后^第天）和TP和PO ₄ ^3- -P（60后^第天）。C10和C15处理的鱼的体重高于C5和C0处理的鱼的体重（p <0.05）。鱼类免疫相关基因（TLR1，TLR2，TLR3，TLR9，TNF-α和IFN）的相对表达水平），治疗C10的血清NO（一氧化氮），AKP（碱性磷酸酶）和SOD（超氧化物歧化酶）活性也显着高于C5，C15和C0（p <0.05）。在45^日当天，观察到的OTU以及王超，ACE，香，和辛普森在治疗C10指数均高于所有其他治疗水和肠样品更高。结果表明，在鱼菜共生中使用H. cordata浮床可以改善池塘水质，并增加罗非鱼池塘和鱼肠中细菌群落的丰富度和多样性。脐带血统浮床的10％的覆盖率优于15％和5％的覆盖率。