It is very important and effective to characterize the failure mechanism of coal and rock materials from the perspective of energy. Energy dissipation and release are important causes of rock mass failure. To qualitatively and quantitatively characterize the energy evolution process of gas-bearing coal and the energy evolution mechanisms of coal and gas outburst, experimental studies were conducted on gas-bearing coal under different stress paths. The research results demonstrate that the energy evolution of gas-bearing coal has nonlinear characteristics and that the energy density is a quadratic function of stress. The total energy density is mainly stored as elastic energy density and is unrelated to loading paths. According to the distribution characteristics of abutment pressures in a stope, the energy distribution can be divided into an energy dissipation and release zone, an increasing-energy zone, and a stable energy storage zone. During coal mining, abutment pressure in front of the coal wall is an important factor causing energy accumulation, and the stress concentration area is a key area to prevent and control dynamic disasters of coal and rock masses. Furthermore, based on the principle of energy conservation, this study established an energy balance model for coal and gas outburst and derived energy criteria for coal and gas outburst. When \(\Upsilon > 1\), there is a risk of coal seams have outburst. If \(\Upsilon = 1\), the system is in a state of limit equilibrium, and mining disturbances could trigger outburst.

从能量的角度来表征煤和岩石材料的破坏机理是非常重要和有效的。能量的耗散和释放是导致岩体破坏的重要原因。为了定性和定量地表征含瓦斯煤的能量演化过程以及煤与瓦斯突出的能量演化机理，对含瓦斯煤在不同应力路径下进行了实验研究。研究结果表明，含气煤的能量演化具有非线性特征，能量密度是应力的二次函数。总能量密度主要存储为弹性能量密度，与加载路径无关。根据采场中基台压力的分布特征，能量分布可分为能量释放和释放区域，能量增加区域和稳定的能量存储区域。在采煤过程中，煤壁前的基台压力是引起能量聚集的重要因素，应力集中区是防治煤岩体动态灾害的关键区域。此外，基于节能原理，本研究建立了煤与瓦斯突出的能量平衡模型，并推导了煤与瓦斯突出的能量标准。什么时候 应力集中区是防治煤岩体动态灾害的关键区域。此外，基于节能原理，本研究建立了煤与瓦斯突出的能量平衡模型，并推导了煤与瓦斯突出的能量标准。什么时候 应力集中区是防治煤岩体动态灾害的关键区域。此外，基于节能原理，本研究建立了煤与瓦斯突出的能量平衡模型，并推导了煤与瓦斯突出的能量标准。什么时候\（\ Upsilon> 1 \），存在煤层突出的危险。如果\（\ Upsilon = 1 \），则系统处于极限平衡状态，并且采矿干扰可能触发爆发。