ABSTRACT

Background

. Indian subcontinent exhibits considerable degree of ethnic heterogeneity in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks. Given the importance of ethnicity, the present multi-ethnic study was conducted to find out the differences in body composition patterning and its influence on CVD risk variables.

Objective

. Owing to considerable ethnic heterogeneity among Asian Indians the study was performed to determine the association of variability between body composition and CVD risk factors at the micro-level among different tribes by sex, province, and generation

Methods.

Nine tribes from three different states (provinces) were considered. Anthropometric measurements, body composition, adiposity, blood pressure, and fasting blood glucose was measured using standard technique. Body composition was measured using BIA method by means of body fat monitor. Mean differences of the body composition measures were analysed by ANOVA. Stepwise multiple regressions were done with CVD risk variables as dependent and body composition profiles as independent variables to find out the significant predictors. Those were then loaded for principal component factor analyses (PCFA).

Results

. Tribal subjects of both sexes and from both younger and older generations in Gujarat had significantly higher percentage body fat, subcutaneous fat-whole body, and subcutaneous fat-trunk as compared to tribal subjects of Odisha, and West Bengal, as well as significantly lower skeletal mass-whole body and skeletal mass-trunk. PCFA showed two components: (i) percentage body fat with muscle mass; and (ii) visceral fat with resting metabolism. These two components cumulatively explained 80–90% of the total variance associated with CVD risk variables, across the nine tribes.

Conclusion

. Tribal subjects of Gujarat had higher CVD risks with significantly higher fat mass and lower muscle mass followed by the tribal subjects of Odisha, and West Bengal respectively. The younger generation are equally at risk as their older counterparts. The CVD risks are developing at a much faster rate resulting in a serious public health threat, even in traditional societies. Body composition measures could be considered as a better non-invasive technique for early intervention and proper risk management among the Asian Indians in general and tribal populations in particular.

中文翻译：

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身体成分模式和心血管疾病危险因素的种族异质性：亚洲印第安部落的多种族研究

摘要

背景

. 印度次大陆在心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险方面表现出相当程度的种族异质性。鉴于种族的重要性，目前的多种族研究旨在找出身体成分模式的差异及其对 CVD 风险变量的影响。

客观的

. 由于亚洲印第安人之间存在相当大的种族异质性，该研究旨在确定不同部落之间身体成分和 CVD 风险因素在微观层面上的差异之间的关联，这些差异按性别、省份和世代划分。

方法。

考虑了来自三个不同州（省）的九个部落。使用标准技术测量人体测量、身体成分、肥胖、血压和空腹血糖。通过体脂监测仪使用BIA方法测量身体成分。通过方差分析分析身体成分测量的平均差异。逐步多元回归以 CVD 风险变量作为因变量，身体成分谱作为自变量进行，以找出重要的预测因子。然后将它们加载用于主成分因子分析（PCFA）。

结果

. 与奥里萨邦和西孟加拉邦的部落受试者相比，古吉拉特邦男女和年轻一代和年长一代的部落受试者的体脂百分比、皮下脂肪-全身和皮下脂肪-躯干的百分比显着更高，而骨骼则显着降低质量—全身和骨骼—质量—躯干。PCFA 显示了两个组成部分：(i) 体脂与肌肉质量的百分比；(ii) 静息代谢的内脏脂肪。这两个成分累计解释了 9 个部落中与 CVD 风险变量相关的总方差的 80-90%。

结论

. 古吉拉特邦的部落受试者具有较高的 CVD 风险，脂肪量和肌肉量显着增加，其次是奥里萨邦和西孟加拉邦的部落受试者。年轻一代与年长一代同样面临风险。心血管疾病风险正在以更快的速度发展，导致严重的公共卫生威胁，即使在传统社会中也是如此。身体成分测量可以被认为是一种更好的非侵入性技术，用于亚洲印度人特别是部落人口的早期干预和适当的风险管理。