Atrazine was banned by the European Union in 2004, but is still used in many countries. Agricultural research employing nanotechnology has been developed in order to reduce the impacts to the environment and nontarget organisms. Nanoatrazine was developed as a carrier system and have been considered efficient in weed control. However, its toxicity must be verified with nontarget organisms. In this context, the aim of the present study was to investigate ecotoxicological effects of solid lipid nanoparticles (empty and loaded with atrazine) and atrazine on Chironomus sancticaroli larvae, evaluating the endpoints: mortality, mentum deformity, development rate and biochemical biomarkers. The contaminant concentrations used were 2, 470, 950, and 1900 μg L⁻¹ in acute (96 h) and 2 μg L⁻¹ in subchronic (10 days) bioassays. An environmentally relevant concentration of atrazine (2 μg L⁻¹) presented toxic and lethal effects towards the larvae. The nanoparticles loaded with atrazine showed toxic effects similar to free atrazine, causing mortality and biochemical alterations on the larvae. The nanoparticle without atrazine caused biochemical alterations and mortality, indicating a possible toxic effect of the formulation on the larvae. In the acute bioassay, most concentrations of nanoparticles loaded with atrazine were not dose dependent for the endpoint mortality. Only the atrazine concentration of 470 μg L⁻¹ was statistically significant to endpoint mentum deformity. The atrazine and nanoparticles (with and without atrazine) did not affect larval development. The results indicate that Chironomus sancticaroli was sensitive to monitor nanoatrazine, presenting potential to be used in studies of toxicity of nanopesticides.

r去津于2004年被欧盟禁止，但仍在许多国家/地区使用。为了减少对环境和非目标生物的影响，已经开发了利用纳米技术的农业研究。Nanoatrazine被开发为一种载体系统，并被认为在控制杂草方面是有效的。但是，其毒性必须用非目标生物进行验证。在这种情况下，本研究的目的是研究固体脂质纳米颗粒（空的并装有阿特拉津）和阿特拉津对Chironomus sancticaroli幼虫的生态毒理作用，评估终点：死亡率，精神错乱，发育速度和生化生物标志物。在急性（96 h）和2μgL中使用的污染物浓度分别为2,470、950和1900μgL ^-1-1在亚慢性（10天）生物测定中。环境相关浓度的at去津（2μgL ^-1）对幼虫具有毒性和致命作用。负载at去津的纳米颗粒显示出类似于游离at去津的毒性作用，导致幼虫死亡和生化改变。没有at去津的纳米颗粒引起生化改变和死亡率，表明该制剂对幼虫可能具有毒性作用。在急性生物测定中，负载阿特拉津的纳米颗粒的大多数浓度与终点死亡率无关。仅the去津浓度为470μgL ^-1在终点脑膜畸形方面具有统计学意义。阿特拉津和纳米颗粒（有和没有阿特拉津）不会影响幼虫的发育。结果表明，Chironomus sancticaroli对监测纳米阿特拉津很敏感，具有潜力用于研究纳米农药的毒性。