Following strict “lockdown” restrictions designed to control the spread of the COVID-19 virus, many jurisdictions are now engaged in a process of easing restrictions in an attempt to stimulate economic and social activity while continuing to suppress virus transmission. This is challenging and complex, and in several regions, new outbreaks have emerged. We argue that systems Human Factors and Ergonomics methods can assist in understanding and optimizing the return from lockdown. To demonstrate, we used work domain analysis to develop an abstraction hierarchy model of a generic “return from lockdown restrictions” system. The model was assessed to identify (a) issues preventing a successful return from lockdown; and (b) leverage points that could be exploited to optimize future processes. The findings show that the aim of continuing to suppress virus transmission conflicts with the aims of returning to pre-virus economic and social activity levels. As a result, many functions act against each other, ensuring that the system cannot optimally achieve all three of its primary aims. Potential leverage points include modifying the goals and rules of the system and enhancing communications and feedback. Specifically, it is argued that moderating economic aims and modifying how social and community activities are undertaken will result in longer term suppression of the virus.

中文翻译：

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人为因素和人体工程学以及存在威胁的管理：对 COVID-19 从锁定限制系统返回的工作领域分析


继旨在控制 COVID-19 病毒传播的严格“封锁”限制之后，许多司法管辖区目前正在放松限制，试图刺激经济和社会活动，同时继续抑制病毒传播。这是具有挑战性和复杂性的，并且在一些地区出现了新的疫情。我们认为，人为因素和人体工程学系统方法可以帮助理解和优化锁定后的回报。为了进行演示，我们使用工作域分析来开发通用“从锁定限制中返回”系统的抽象层次结构模型。该模型经过评估，旨在确定 (a) 阻碍成功解除封锁的问题； (b) 可用于优化未来流程的杠杆点。研究结果表明，继续抑制病毒传播的目标与恢复病毒前经济和社会活动水平的目标相冲突。因此，许多功能相互影响，确保系统无法最佳地实现其所有三个主要目标。潜在的杠杆点包括修改系统的目标和规则以及加强沟通和反馈。具体来说，有人认为，调整经济目标并改变社会和社区活动的开展方式将导致对病毒的长期抑制。