Cognitive tasks may have the potential to improve visuomotor task performance; however, the reason for this is unclear. If this can be clarified, it may be possible to develop clinically valuable outcomes, such as promotion of motor learning though cognitive tasks. The present study aimed to investigate whether changes in prefrontal area excitability induced by cognitive tasks, especially within the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), influenced the speed of improvement during visuomotor task performance. Twenty young healthy adults were recruited. The serial reaction time task (SRTT) was used to assess visuomotor task performance. Cognitive tasks included an adjusted N-back task, a non-adjusted N-back task, and a control task, which were evaluated on different days. Additionally, we measured cerebral hemodynamic activity using near-infrared spectroscopy while each cognitive task was being performed. We observed that the adjusted N-back task significantly enhanced the speed of improvement during the SRTT performance compared to the control task. However, there was no relationship between the speed of improvement during the SRTT performance and changes in prefrontal area excitability induced by the cognitive tasks. Our findings contribute towards developing an effective method that uses cognitive tasks to promote visuomotor learning.

认知任务可能有可能提高视觉运动任务的表现；但是，其原因尚不清楚。如果可以澄清这一点，就有可能开发出具有临床价值的结果，例如通过认知任务促进运动学习。本研究旨在调查认知任务引起的前额叶兴奋性变化，尤其是背外侧前额叶皮层 (DLPFC) 内的变化是否会影响视觉运动任务表现的改善速度。招募了 20 名年轻健康的成年人。串行反应时间任务 (SRTT) 用于评估视觉运动任务的表现。认知任务包括调整后的 N-back 任务、未调整的 N-back 任务和控制任务，这些任务在不同的日子进行评估。此外，我们在执行每项认知任务时使用近红外光谱测量了脑血流动力学活动。我们观察到，与控制任务相比，调整后的 N-back 任务显着提高了 SRTT 性能期间的改进速度。然而，在 SRTT 表现期间的改进速度与认知任务引起的前额叶兴奋性变化之间没有关系。我们的研究结果有助于开发一种使用认知任务来促进视觉运动学习的有效方法。SRTT 表现期间的改善速度与认知任务引起的前额区兴奋性变化之间没有关系。我们的研究结果有助于开发一种使用认知任务来促进视觉运动学习的有效方法。SRTT 表现期间的改善速度与认知任务引起的前额区兴奋性变化之间没有关系。我们的研究结果有助于开发一种使用认知任务来促进视觉运动学习的有效方法。