ABSTRACT

In recent years, the sustainability of the rice-wheat cropping system in Indo-Gangetic Plains is facing many problems in various fronts viz., agricultural, ecological, environmental and economical. Therefore, to ensure long-term sustainability, the rice-wheat cropping system needs to be diversified. The present study was conducted to identify an alternative cropping system for Indo-Gangetic Plains region of India by diversifying and intensifying the current rice-wheat cropping system. Ten treatments (rice-wheat = control, rice-wheat-green gram, rice-potato-green gram, rice-wheat-cowpea fodder, rice-potato-cowpea fodder, rice-berseem fodder-maize fodder, rice-berseem fodder-cowpea fodder, rice-mustard-sudan grass fodder, rice-mustard-cowpea fodder and rice-cabbage-cowpea fodder) were compared consecutively two years in randomized block design with three replications. Diversification of rice-wheat cropping system with rice-potato-green gram resulted in increase in system productivity (142.35%), gross returns (99.57%), net returns (130.34%), profitability (130.96%), relative production efficiency (142.53%), relative economic efficiency (130.79%) and labour employment (55.73%). The inclusion of legume crops in cropping sequences was found better in improving the soil quality parameters. Our results revealed the significance of diversification and intensification of rice-wheat cropping system under irrigated ecosystem of IGP as it enhanced system productivity, profitability and soil health.

摘要

近年来，印度—恒河平原稻麦种植系统的可持续性面临着农业、生态、环境和经济等多方面的问题。因此，为确保长期可持续性，稻麦种植系统需要多样化。本研究旨在通过多样化和强化当前的稻麦种植系统来确定印度印度恒河平原地区的替代种植系统。十个处理（稻麦=对照、稻麦-绿克、稻-马铃薯-绿克、稻-麦-豇豆饲料、稻-马铃薯-豇豆饲料、稻-香茅饲料-玉米饲料、稻-香茅饲料饲料-豇豆饲料、水稻-芥末-苏丹草饲料、水稻-芥末-豇豆饲料和水稻-白菜-豇豆饲料）采用随机区组设计连续两年比较，重复3次。水稻-马铃薯-绿克水稻-小麦种植系统的多样化导致系统生产力(142.35%)、总收益(99.57%)、净收益(130.34%)、盈利能力(130.96%)、相对生产效率(142.53)的提高%）、相对经济效率（130.79%）和劳动力就业（55.73%）。发现在种植序列中加入豆类作物可以更好地改善土壤质量参数。我们的研究结果揭示了在 IGP 灌溉生态系统下稻麦种植系统多样化和集约化的重要性，因为它提高了系统生产力、盈利能力和土壤健康。