The Gorevskoe Pb-Zn-Ag mine is currently the largest producer of Pb and Zn in Russia, exploiting one of the largest sediment-hosted Pb-Zn deposits worldwide. Despite its size and economic importance, the Gorevskoe deposit remains poorly understood. It is located on the western margin of the Siberian craton within the Yenisei Ridge, a Neoproterozoic orogenic belt. Mineralization consists of three tabular orebodies that are in turn composed of multiple stacked stratiform to strata-bound lenses of galena-pyrrhotite-sphalerite-rich massive sulfide ore, hosted in organic-rich marine metalimestones and calcareous slates of Stenian to Tonian age (1,020 ± 70 Ma). Extensive Fe-Mg-Mn-carbonate alteration haloes surround the ore lenses. The Pb isotope signature of the deposit is consistent with derivation of Pb, and probably all associated metals, from an evolved crustal source at the time of formation of the host rocks. The sulfur isotope compositions of pyrrhotite, sphalerite, galena, arsenopyrite, and pyrite (δ³⁴S = 16.0–20.4‰) do not vary considerably across the deposit and are within the range reported for contemporaneous seawater, indicating complete reduction of marine sulfate as the main source of sulfur.The available geologic and geochemical data indicate that the Gorevskoe deposit belongs to the sediment-hosted massive sulfide (SHMS) class of Zn-Pb deposits, with an affinity to Selwyn-type deposits. Hydrothermal mineralization appears to be temporally related to rifting and distal mafic volcanism in a passive margin setting. Geologic relationships suggest that the orebodies formed in a diagenetic environment. Furthermore, the predominance of primary pyrrhotite over pyrite as the major iron sulfide, the presence of abundant siderite, and the relatively homogeneous sulfur isotope signature of the ores indicate highly reducing conditions during ore formation. They also constrain the character of the metal-bearing fluid to be similarly reducing, and of moderate temperature (200°–300°C). Gorevskoe may thus be regarded as one of the world’s largest Selwyn-type SHMS deposits.

中文翻译：

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俄罗斯克拉斯诺亚尔斯克地区巨型Gorevskoe Pb-Zn-Ag矿床的地质和成因

Gorevskoe Pb-Zn-Ag矿山目前是俄罗斯最大的Pb和Zn生产者，它是全球最大的沉积物中Pb-Zn矿床之一。尽管其规模和经济重要性，但对Gorevskoe矿床的了解仍然很少。它位于新元古代造山带叶尼塞山脊内的西伯利亚克拉通西缘。矿化由三个板状矿体组成，它们依次由方铅矿-富含闪锌矿-闪锌矿的块状硫化矿的多层堆叠的层状晶系到地层结合的晶状体组成，这些矿床富含有机物丰富的海洋金属灰岩和Stenian至Tonian时代的钙质板岩（1,020± 70 Ma）。大量的铁-镁-锰-碳酸盐蚀变晕围绕着矿石晶状体。矿床的Pb同位素特征与Pb以及可能的所有相关金属的衍生相一致，在形成母岩时从演化的地壳源中提取。黄铁矿，闪锌矿，方铅矿，毒砂和黄铁矿的硫同位素组成（δ³⁴S = 16.0–20.4‰）在整个矿床中变化不大，并且在同期海水的报告范围内，表明海洋硫酸盐已完全还原为硫的主要来源。现有的地质和地球化学数据表明，Gorevskoe矿床属于Zn-Pb沉积物以沉积物为主的块状硫化物（SHMS）类，与Selwyn型沉积物具有亲和力。在被动的边缘环境中，热液矿化似乎与裂谷和远期镁铁质火山作用在时间上有关。地质关系表明矿体是在成岩环境中形成的。此外，主要的黄铁矿优先于黄铁矿作为主要的硫化铁，存在大量的菱铁矿，矿石的硫同位素特征相对均一，表明成矿过程中存在高度还原的条件。它们还限制了含金属流体的特性，使其具有类似的还原性，并且具有中等温度（200°–300°C）。因此，Gorevskoe被认为是世界上最大的Selwyn型SHMS矿床之一。