A recent study found statistically significant differences in extreme precipitation distributions over the contiguous United States (CONUS) when changing the microphysics scheme in a superparameterized global climate model. Here, we repeat the analysis globally and similarly find that differences are widespread when varying the number of predicted moments in the microphysics parameterization, but not when comparing variants of the double‐moment scheme. However, contrary to the previous study in which differences largely disappeared over CONUS when 5‐day simulations were conducted, we found that the signal in these shorter integrations remains within the tropics, implying a direct local effect of microphysics on precipitation extremes in these regions. The effect on precipitation is traced back to changes in vertical velocity profiles changes that are then amplified in the climatological simulations compared to the 5‐day ones. Finally, the superparameterized extremes, regardless of the microphysics scheme, are shown to be larger than those from the Global Precipitation Climatology Project One‐Degree Daily data set and generally smaller than those from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission 3B42 data set.

中文翻译：

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超参数化极端降水的全球微物理敏感性

最近的一项研究发现，当改变超参数化全球气候模型中的微观物理学方案时，美国连续大陆（CONUS）的极端降水分布具有统计学上的显着差异。在这里，我们在全球范围内重复进行分析，并且类似地发现，在微物理参数化中更改预测矩的数量时，差异会很大，但在比较双矩方案的变体时，差异并不大。但是，与先前的研究相反，在先前的研究中，当进行5天模拟时，CONUS上的差异基本消失了，我们发现这些较短积分中的信号仍保留在热带地区，这暗示着微物理对这些地区极端降水的直接局部影响。对降水的影响可以追溯到垂直速度剖面变化的变化，然后与5天的变化相比，在气候模拟中放大了。最后，无论采用何种微物理方案，超参数化的极端值都大于全球降水气候学项目“一度每日”数据集的值，并且通常小于热带雨量测量任务3B42数据集的值。