ABSTRACT

The accessibility and use of evidence-based mental health treatment are crucial to children and adolescents with mental health and behavioral health disorders. However, there is little known regarding treatment approaches in residential treatment facilities serving children and adolescents. As mental health disorders affect children and adolescents of all sociodemographic backgrounds, it is important to examine and identify differences in treatment approaches. This study’s primary objective was to describe the differences in treatment approaches offered by facilities varying in region, ownership (i.e., private nonprofit vs private for-profit/public), Medicaid status, and client factors (i.e., age, gender, race, ethnicity). Data from the 2018 National Mental Health Services Survey (N-MHSS) was analyzed using Cohen’s h to examine the differences in treatment approaches by sociodemographic characteristics in 576 residential treatment facilities. The largest differences in treatment approaches varied by the race/ethnicity and the gender of the client population composition. Particularly, psychotropic medication, seclusion, and restraint were more prevalent when the client composition was majority males, African American or Black, or Native American or Alaska Native. Implications for research and practice related to the intersection of sociodemographic and treatment approaches for research and practice are discussed.

摘要

循证心理健康治疗的可及性和使用对于患有心理健康和行为健康障碍的儿童和青少年至关重要。然而，对于为儿童和青少年服务的住院治疗设施中的治疗方法知之甚少。由于精神健康障碍影响所有社会人口背景的儿童和青少年，因此检查和确定治疗方法的差异很重要。本研究的主要目的是描述不同地区、所有权（即私人非营利与私人营利/公共）、医疗补助状态和客户因素（即年龄、性别、种族、种族）不同的设施提供的治疗方法的差异）。使用 Cohen's h分析了 2018 年全国心理健康服务调查 (N-MHSS) 的数据通过社会人口学特征检查 576 个住宅治疗设施中治疗方法的差异。治疗方法的最大差异因种族/民族和客户人口构成的性别而异。特别是，当客户组成为多数男性、非裔美国人或黑人，或美洲原住民或阿拉斯加原住民时，精神药物、隔离和约束更为普遍。讨论了与社会人口统计学和治疗方法相交的研究和实践对研究和实践的影响。