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Intelligence matters for stochastic feedback processing during sequence learning in adolescents and young adults
Intelligence ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-05 , DOI: 10.1016/j.intell.2021.101542
Christiane Lange-Küttner , Bruno B. Averbeck , Maren Hentschel , Jan Baumbach

The ability to effectively handle partly false feedback is an important skill because it can disrupt an already mastered ability. An instant and drastic deterioration occurred in 8- to 11-year-old children's sequence learning of four left-right button presses from close to ceiling performance with 100% deterministic feedback to about 30% accuracy when they encountered stochastic feedback that was only 85% correct and 15% randomly false (Lange-Küttner et al., 2012). However, children's performance recovered in repeated trials, but only after positive feedback even if it was false. The present study investigates whether this deterioration and recovery from partly false feedback still occurs in adolescents and young adults. We tested whether coping with partly false feedback is dependent on intelligence with the Raven Standard Progressive Matrices Test, or rather occurs because of better developed coping and defending in the social domain with the Cognitive Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ). In a sample of N = 75 adolescents from 13 years onwards until young adulthood, cognitive performance was low when encountering stochastic feedback, at 55.5% accuracy on average, but improved during repetitions. Intelligence was more important than emotional coping for successful processing of stochastic, partly false feedback. Also in adolescence and young adulthood, positive feedback appeared to support perseverance as it yielded significantly more recovery than negative feedback. Coping was not needed for recovery from partly false or negative feedback, but there were some rare cases of high intelligence and low positive coping skills with exceptionally low sequencing performance.



中文翻译:

智力对于青少年和年轻人的序列学习过程中的随机反馈处理很重要

有效处理部分错误反馈的能力是一项重要技能,因为它会破坏已经掌握的能力。在8到11岁的孩子的顺序学习中,四次左右按按钮的学习突然发生了急剧变化,从接近天花板的性能到100%的确定性反馈,到他们遇到随机反馈的准确率仅为85%时,准确性约为30%。正确和15%的随机错误(Lange-Küttneret al。,2012)。但是,儿童的表现在反复试验中得以恢复,但只有在获得正面反馈后,即使它是错误的。本研究调查了这种恶化和从部分错误反馈中恢复的现象是否仍发生在青少年和年轻人中。我们用Raven标准渐进矩阵测试测试了应对部分错误反馈的方法是否依赖于智力,或者是否由于认知情感调节问卷(CERQ)在社会领域中更好的应对和防御而出现。在一个样本中 从13岁开始到成年的N = 75名青少年,在遇到随机反馈时认知能力很低,平均准确度为55.5%,但在重复过程中有所改善。对于成功处理随机的,部分错误的反馈而言,智力比情绪上的应对更为重要。同样在青春期和成年期,积极的反馈似乎支持坚持不懈,因为它产生的康复比消极的反馈要多得多。从部分错误或负面反馈中恢复并不需要应对,但是在极少数情况下,具有高智能和低积极应对技能,测序性能异常低下。

更新日期:2021-04-05
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