Clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with diabetes mellitus in Kuwait,Heliyon

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Clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with diabetes mellitus in Kuwait
Heliyon ( IF 4 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-05 , DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06706
Abdullah Alshukry ₁ , Mohammad Bu Abbas ₁ , Yaseen Ali ₁ , Barrak Alahmad ₂ , Abdullah A Al-Shammari _{3,

4} , Ghadeer Alhamar _{3,

5} , Mohammad Abu-Farha ₃ , Jehad AbuBaker ₃ , Sriraman Devarajan ₃ , Ali A Dashti ₆ , Fahd Al-Mulla ₃ , Hamad Ali _{3,

6}

Affiliation

Background

COVID-19 has a highly variable clinical presentation, ranging from asymptomatic to severe respiratory symptoms and death. Diabetes seems to be one of the main comorbidities contributing to a worse COVID-19 outcome.

Objective

In here we analyze the clinical characteristics and outcomes of diabetic COVID-19 patients Kuwait.

Methods

In this single-center, retrospective study of 417 consecutive COVID-19 patients, we analyze and compare disease severity, outcome, associated complications, and clinical laboratory findings between diabetic and non-diabetic COVID-19 patients.

Results

COVID-19 patients with diabetes had more ICU admission than non-diabetic COVID-19 patients (20.1% vs. 16.8%, p < 0.001). Diabetic COVID-19 patients also recorded higher mortality in comparison to non-diabetic COVID-19 patients (16.7% vs. 12.1%, p < 0.001). Diabetic COVID-19 patients had significantly higher prevalence of comorbidities, such as hypertension. Laboratory investigations also highlighted notably higher levels of C-reactive protein in diabetic COVID019 patients and lower estimated glomerular filtration rate. They also showed a higher incidence of complications. logistic regression analysis showed that every 1 mmol/L increase in fasting blood glucose in COVID-19 patients is associated with 1.52 (95% CI: 1.34–1.72, p < 0.001) times the odds of dying from COVID-19.

Conclusion

Diabetes is a major contributor to worsening outcomes in COVID-19 patients. Understanding the pathophysiology underlining these findings could provide insight into better management and improved outcome of such cases.

中文翻译：

科威特 COVID-19 糖尿病患者的临床特征和结果

背景

COVID-19 的临床表现差异很大，从无症状到严重呼吸道症状甚至死亡。糖尿病似乎是导致 COVID-19 结局恶化的主要合并症之一。

客观的

在此，我们分析了科威特糖尿病 COVID-19 患者的临床特征和结果。

方法

在这项对 417 名连续 COVID-19 患者进行的单中心回顾性研究中，我们分析并比较了糖尿病和非糖尿病 COVID-19 患者的疾病严重程度、结果、相关并发症和临床实验室检查结果。

结果

患有糖尿病的 COVID-19 患者比非糖尿病 COVID-19 患者入住 ICU 的比例更高（20.1% vs. 16.8%，p < 0.001）。与非糖尿病 COVID-19 患者相比，糖尿病 COVID-19 患者的死亡率也更高（16.7% vs. 12.1%，p < 0.001）。糖尿病 COVID-19 患者的高血压等合并症患病率明显较高。实验室调查还强调，糖尿病患者的 C 反应蛋白水平明显较高，估计肾小球滤过率较低。他们还表现出较高的并发症发生率。Logistic 回归分析显示，COVID-19 患者空腹血糖每增加 1 mmol/L，死于 COVID-19 的几率就会增加 1.52（95% CI：1.34–1.72，p < 0.001）倍。