This study quantifies the degree of pollution and assess the ecological risk of As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pb, V and Zn in sediments and soils of the Limoncocha Biological Reserve (Ecuador), identified as a Ramsar site with high ecological and socioeconomic value. The hydrologic system of the Reserve is mainly formed by two rivers that drain into the Limoncocha lagoon, which occupies only five percent of the protected area but support a high anthropic influence. Local statistical baseline of studied potentially toxic elements is established using cumulative frequency method, and Al is selected as reference element due to the good correlation with the studied elements. The grade of pollution and the potential ecological risk are evaluated applying three individual (Contamination Factor, Geo-accumulation Index and Enrichment Factor) and six integrated (Degree and modified degree of contamination, Pollution Load Index, Nemerow and modified Nemerow pollution indexes and potential ecological risk index) indices. Results analysis are based on the combined application of traditional statistics, multivariate data analysis and self organizing maps. Outcomes suggest to classify sediments and soils as “moderate contamination and enrichment” due mainly to the concentrations of Cu (66.4–110 mg/kg) and Cd (0.0262–0.808 mg/kg), derived from domestic wastewaters and agricultural activities, and in a lesser extent due to Mo (0.822–4.37 mg/kg), Ni (10.3–25.8 mg/kg), Co (7.27–24.8 mg/kg) and V (60.3–178 mg/kg), derived from oil field drilling activities. The distributions of As (0.328–8.83 mg/kg), Ba (143–1100 mg/kg), Pb (7.20–26.5 mg/kg), Zn (60.1–276 mg/kg) and Cr (10.1–48.6 mg/kg) are heterogeneous in the studied sampling sites. Sediments located next to the pier and at the central area of the Limoncocha lagoon, show moderate potential risk and according to sediment quality guidelines, the calculated mean Effect Range Median quotient (mERMq) classify the sites as medium-low priority risk level. A three-level classification of a mean quotient based on soil quality and soil potential uses is proposed. Soil sites with high anthropogenic activities show low to moderate potential ecological risk being classified as poor soil quality sites but with all potential soil uses allowed according to the legal limits for land uses in Ecuador.

本研究量化了Limoncocha生物保护区（厄瓜多尔）的沉积物和土壤中As，Ba，Cd，Co，Cr，Cu，Mo，Ni，Pb，V和Zn的污染程度并评估了生态风险，拉姆萨尔遗址具有很高的生态和社会经济价值。保护区的水文系统主要由两条河流排入Limoncocha泻湖组成，这些湖泊仅占保护区的5％，但对人类的影响很大。利用累积频率法建立了被研究潜在毒性元素的局部统计基线，由于与被研究元素具有良好的相关性，故选择Al作为参考元素。污染等级和潜在的生态风险通过三个人（污染因子，地理累积指数和富集因子）和六个综合指数（度数和修正度的污染程度，污染负荷指数，Nemerow和修正的Nemerow污染指数和潜在生态风险指数）。结果分析基于传统统计，多元数据分析和自组织图的组合应用。结果建议将沉积物和土壤归类为“中度污染和富集”，这主要是由于源自生活废水和农业活动的Cu（66.4–110 mg / kg）和Cd（0.0262–0.808 mg / kg）的浓度，以及较小的程度是由于油田钻井产生的Mo（0.822–4.37 mg / kg），Ni（10.3–25.8 mg / kg），Co（7.27–24.8 mg / kg）和V（60.3–178 mg / kg）活动。砷（0.328–8.83 mg / kg），钡（143–1100 mg / kg），铅（7.20–26.5 mg / kg），锌（60。在所研究的采样点中，Cr（1–276 mg / kg）和Cr（10.1–48.6 mg / kg）是异质的。位于码头附近和利蒙科查泻湖中心区域的沉积物显示出中等潜在风险，根据沉积物质量准则，计算出的平均影响范围中位数商（mERMq）将这些地点分类为中低优先级风险等级。提出了基于土壤质量和土壤潜在用途的均值商的三级分类。具有高人为活动的土壤场所显示出低至中等的潜在生态风险，被归类为土壤质量较差的场所，但根据厄瓜多尔土地使用的法律限制，允许所有潜在的土壤利用。位于码头附近和利蒙科查泻湖中心区域的沉积物显示出中等潜在风险，根据沉积物质量准则，计算出的平均影响范围中位数商（mERMq）将这些地点分类为中低优先级风险等级。提出了基于土壤质量和土壤潜在用途的均值商的三级分类。具有高人为活动的土壤场所显示出低至中等的潜在生态风险，被归类为土壤质量较差的场所，但根据厄瓜多尔土地使用的法律限制，允许所有潜在的土壤利用。位于码头附近和利蒙科查泻湖中心区域的沉积物显示出中等潜在风险，根据沉积物质量准则，计算出的平均影响范围中位数商（mERMq）将这些地点分类为中低优先级风险等级。提出了基于土壤质量和土壤潜在用途的均值商的三级分类。具有高人为活动的土壤场所显示出低至中等的潜在生态风险，被归类为土壤质量较差的场所，但根据厄瓜多尔土地使用的法律限制，允许所有潜在的土壤利用。提出了基于土壤质量和土壤潜在用途的均值商的三级分类。具有高人为活动的土壤场所显示出低至中等的潜在生态风险，被归类为土壤质量较差的场所，但根据厄瓜多尔土地使用的法律限制，允许所有潜在的土壤利用。提出了基于土壤质量和土壤潜在用途的均值商的三级分类。具有高人为活动的土壤场所显示出低至中等的潜在生态风险，被归类为土壤质量较差的场所，但根据厄瓜多尔土地使用的法律限制，允许所有潜在的土壤利用。