The Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) explicitly focus on responsible use of resources, production, and consumption, which comprises sensible waste management includes SDG 3, 7, 11, and 12. Yet, gaps between policies and current waste management practices are prevailing globally as well as nationally. This article discusses waste management (WM) in Kathmandu Metropolitan City (KMC) with a focus on cleaner technology. Waste management has always been an issue in KMC with almost all wastes being dumped directly to a landfill site. The article aims to points out challenge with current waste management based on literature- and document reviews. Further, it introduces and analyses technologies to convert waste into energy and evaluates the applicability of the Asian Develop Bank recommendations for waste management in KMC and suggests strategies toward aligning KMC waste management with Nepal's SDG agenda. Findings indicate that Kathmandu has huge potential for implementing waste to energy technologies, and anaerobic digestion seems one of the most promising technologies. Yet, the city lacks a proper waste treatment infrastructure and would benefit from a systematic alignment of technology, policy, and environmental possibilities and challenges in both analysis, planning, and design.

中文翻译：

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尼泊尔加德满都的垃圾发电——实现可持续发展目标的途径

可持续发展目标 (SDG) 明确侧重于负责任地使用资源、生产和消费，其中包括合理的废物管理，包括可持续发展目标 3、7、11 和 12。然而，政策与当前废物管理实践之间的差距在全球普遍存在，因为和全国一样。本文讨论了加德满都大都市 (KMC) 的废物管理 (WM)，重点是清洁技术。废物管理一直是 KMC 的一个问题，几乎所有废物都直接倾倒到垃圾填埋场。本文旨在基于文献和文件审查指出当前废物管理面临的挑战。更远，它介绍和分析了将废物转化为能源的技术，并评估了亚洲开发银行对 KMC 废物管理建议的适用性，并提出了使 KMC 废物管理与尼泊尔的可持续发展目标议程保持一致的战略。调查结果表明，加德满都在实施废物能源技术方面具有巨大潜力，而厌氧消化似乎是最有前途的技术之一。然而，该市缺乏适当的废物处理基础设施，将受益于分析、规划和设计中技术、政策和环境可能性和挑战的系统调整。厌氧消化似乎是最有前途的技术之一。然而，该市缺乏适当的废物处理基础设施，将受益于分析、规划和设计中技术、政策和环境可能性和挑战的系统调整。厌氧消化似乎是最有前途的技术之一。然而，该市缺乏适当的废物处理基础设施，将受益于分析、规划和设计中技术、政策和环境可能性和挑战的系统调整。