ABSTRACT

The destination of industrial waste from the combustion of vegetal biomass, wood ash, has become an environmental problem in many countries. Therefore, finding viable alternatives for its reuse is necessary. The objective of this study was to verify the effect of wood ash doses and application managements on accumulation, recovery efficiency, and nutrition index of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) for pasture recovery. The experiment was performed in Brazil, in a strip-plot design in 6 × 2 factorial scheme, which corresponded to six wood ash doses (0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 Mg ha⁻¹) and two wood ash application managements (surface – without incorporation; incorporated – incorporated to the soil with light harrow), with four replicates, in two years of evaluation. The application of the vegetal ash optimized up to 100% the nitrogen fertilization, besides, it provides significant values of phosphorus and potassium for pasture recovery, with the application of topsoil to the pasture recovery. The reuse of this solid waste on pasture has proved to be a viable alternative to two serious problems, one that is the environmentally and financially viable destination of this solid waste and the other is the recovery of pasture at low cost. For sandy soils, in the study region, annual application of wood ash doses between 13 and 15 Mg ha⁻¹ is indicated, with the addition of 100 kg ha⁻¹ of N, both applied to the soil surface.

摘要

植物生物质燃烧产生的工业废物，木灰，已成为许多国家的环境问题。因此，有必要为其再利用寻找可行的替代方案。本研究的目的是验证木灰剂量和施用管理对牧草恢复中氮 (N)、磷 (P) 和钾 (K) 的积累、恢复效率和营养指数的影响。该实验在巴西进行，采用 6 × 2 因子方案的带状区设计，对应于六种木灰剂量（0、3、6、9、12 和 15 Mg ha ^-1) 和两次木灰施用管理（表面 - 未掺入；掺入 - 用轻耙掺入土壤中），在两年的评估中重复四次。植物灰的应用将氮肥优化到 100%，此外，它为牧草恢复提供了显着的磷和钾值，表土用于牧草恢复。在牧场上再利用这种固体废物已被证明是解决两个严重问题的可行替代方案，一个是这种固体废物的环境和经济上可行的目的地，另一个是以低成本回收牧场。对于沙质土壤，在研究区域，指示每年施用 13 至 15 Mg ha ^-1的木灰剂量，并增加 100 kg ha^-1的 N，均应用于土壤表面。