ABSTRACT

The present study aims at estimating net and gross water requirements of eight major irrigated crops in the agro-ecological regions Tina Plain (AER 1), and East South ELKantara (AER 2) in Egypt using FAO-CROPWAT 8.0 and its attached meteorological parameters CLIMWAT 2.0 model. Historical weather data at Ismailia and Port Said stations for 40 years (1975 to 2014) were recalled from the CLIMWAT 2.0. The net irrigation requirements for berseem clover, barley and cotton in AER 1 were computed at 612 mm, 283 mm and 901 mm, respectively, while, in AER 2, the corresponding values were 738 mm, 287 mm and 1113 mm showing a 19% increase. District water balance scenarios show for crop pattern with maximum net and gross irrigation water requirement, and irrigation efficiencies 40% and 60% in AER 1 and AER 2, respectively, indicates 22.1% increase above the licensed water limit, crop pattern with minimum net and gross irrigation requirements indicates 23.1% saving of allocation water limit, and the current crop pattern indicates 8.1% saving. Therefore, better water management should be adapted to focus on improving irrigation efficiency and cultivating crops with lower water need, such as green beans, wheat, barely, sugar beet, and tomato.

摘要

本研究旨在使用 FAO-CROPWAT 8.0 及其附带的气象参数 CLIMWAT 估算埃及蒂娜平原 (AER 1) 和东南埃尔坎塔拉 (AER 2) 农业生态区八种主要灌溉作物的净和总需水量2.0 模型。从 CLIMWAT 2.0 中调用了 Ismailia 和 Port Said 站 40 年（1975 年至 2014 年）的历史天气数据。在 AER 1 中，berseem 三叶草、大麦和棉花的净灌溉需求分别计算为 612 毫米、283 毫米和 901 毫米，而在 AER 2 中，相应的值为 738 毫米、287 毫米和 1113 毫米，显示 19%增加。地区水平衡情景显示了作物模式的最大净和总灌溉需水量，AER 1 和 AER 2 的灌溉效率分别为 40% 和 60%，表示为 22。比许可用水量增加 1%，具有最低净灌溉和总灌溉要求的作物模式表明分配用水限制节省 23.1%，当前作物模式表明节省 8.1%。因此，更好的水资源管理应侧重于提高灌溉效率和种植需水量较低的作物，如绿豆、小麦、甘草、甜菜和番茄。