Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae) is a major barrier to fruit production and exportation. In Brazil, the native parasitoid Aganaspis pelleranoi (Hymenoptera: Figitidae) and the exotic parasitoid Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) stand out as biological control agents. Knowledge of the factors that affect interactions among parasitoids, A. fraterculus, and host fruits may enhance the use of these agents in biological control programmes. This study evaluated the chemotaxis and parasitism of A. pelleranoi and D. longicaudata females reared on A. fraterculus larvae and kept on an artificial diet, red guava (Psidium guajava) or apple (Malus domestica). Females of both parasitoid species that emerged from larvae raised on artificial diet, guava or apple, were tested to Y olfactometer choice tests. In the parasitism tests, both parasitoid species were made to choose between A. fraterculus larvae brushed with water, apple pulp or guava pulp. D. longicaudata females from artificial diet (control) did not distinguish between fruit odours; however, females of D. longicaudata from larvae kept in apple or guava directed to the odours of their original fruit. The greatest parasitism for D. longicaudata occurred in the units that contained the pulp in which the larvae grew. A. pelleranoi from artificial diet preferred guava odours, including the females kept in apple. Similar results were observed in the parasitism bioassays. Our results found that A. fraterculus larval feeding influenced search behaviour and parasitism of D. longicaudata, whereas A. pelleranoi rearing experience did not affect its host choices.

中文翻译：

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Anastrepha fraterculus 幼虫摄食会影响 Diachasmimorpha longicaudata 和 Aganaspis pelleranoi 的趋化性和寄生性吗？

实蝇（双翅目：Tephritidae）是水果生产和出口的主要障碍。在巴西，原生寄生蜂鱼腥藻（膜翅目：无花果科）和外来寄生蜂长尾石竹（膜翅目，茧蜂科）作为生物防治剂脱颖而出。了解影响寄生蜂之间相互作用的因素，A. fraterculus，寄主果实可能会增强这些药剂在生物防治计划中的使用。本研究评估了其趋化性和寄生性。A. pelleranoi和D. longicaudata饲养的雌性A. fraterculus幼虫并保持人工饮食，红番石榴（番石榴) 或苹果 (海棠）。从人工饲料、番石榴或苹果饲养的幼虫中出现的两种寄生蜂的雌性都接受了 Y 嗅觉计选择测试。在寄生性测试中，两种寄生蜂物种都被选为A. fraterculus幼虫用水、苹果浆或番石榴浆刷洗。D. longicaudata人工饮食（对照）的雌性不区分水果气味；然而，女性的D. longicaudata从保存在苹果或番石榴中的幼虫中提取到它们原始水果的气味。最大的寄生D. longicaudata发生在含有幼虫生长的果肉的单元中。A. pelleranoi从人工饮食中偏爱番石榴气味，包括饲养在苹果中的雌性。在寄生生物测定中观察到类似的结果。我们的结果发现A. fraterculus幼虫摄食影响的搜索行为和寄生D. longicaudata， 然而A. pelleranoi饲养经验不影响其寄主的选择。