Optimal design and operation of a hydropower reservoir is a complex optimization problem in terms of formulation and solution. In this study, a simulation–optimization model is developed for simultaneous design and operation of hydropower dams. WEAP (Water Evaluation and Planning) as the water resources planning simulation software is coupled with the Invasive Weeds Optimization (IWO) as the optimization routine. The developed simulation–optimization model is used for the Bakhtiari Dam hydropower plant in west of Iran. Two objectives for solving the problem are to maximize the energy generation and minimize the flood damage at a downstream target point. Two types of problems are investigated. The first problem only considers the optimal design of the hydropower plan, in which the decision variables include the storage capacity, minimum operation storage of the reservoir and the installed capacity of the power plant while the releases from the reservoir are determined using a predefined operation policy. In the second problem, simultaneous design and operation of the hydropower reservoir is examined where in addition to the design variables, the reservoir releases are also optimized as the operational variables. According to the results, although considering flood damage does not have much effect on design variables, but significantly affects the operation variables. Results show that the optimization of the design variables has more impact on the benefit gained from the system comparing the operational ones. Also, the standard operating policy (SOP) is an optimal or near-optimal operational solution for hydropower generation.

就配方和解决方案而言，水电水库的优化设计和运行是一个复杂的优化问题。在这项研究中，开发了一个模拟优化模型，用于水电大坝的同时设计和运行。作为水资源规划模拟软件的WEAP（水评估与规划）与入侵杂草优化（IWO）一起作为优化程序。所开发的仿真优化模型用于伊朗西部的Bakhtiari大坝水力发电厂。解决该问题的两个目标是最大程度地增加能量的产生并最大程度地减小下游目标点的洪水灾害。研究了两种类型的问题。第一个问题仅考虑水电计划的优化设计，其中决策变量包括存储容量，使用预定义的操作策略确定水库的最小运行存储量和发电厂的装机容量，同时确定水库的排放量。在第二个问题中，研究了水电水库的同时设计和运行，其中，除了设计变量外，还优化了水库泄放量作为运行变量。根据结果​​，尽管考虑洪水灾害对设计变量影响不大，但会显着影响运行变量。结果表明，与运行变量相比，设计变量的优化对系统获得的收益影响更大。此外，标准运行策略（SOP）是水力发电的最佳或接近最佳的运行解决方案。