The aim of this work is to evaluate the atmospheric rainwater chemistry and neutralization potential in oil producing areas of southern region of Nigeria. Rainwater samples were analysed for pH, EC, Cl⁻, SO₄²⁺, NO₃⁻, Ca₂⁺, and NH₄⁺. Correlation, principal component analysis (PCA) and neutralization indicators as source apportionment methods were used to determine atmospheric acid precursors . Results show that the collected samples were severely acidified with pH value of 5.5 in oil producing communities and weak acid: pH 6.5 in non oil producing areas and varied with seasons. Fractional acidity (FA) constituted 98–99% of neutralizing ability, neutralization factor (NF) recorded Cl⁻, Ca²⁺ and NH₄⁺ in values of 0.41, 0.43 and 0.003 with Ca²⁺ from sea salt, being the most neutralizing substance than NH₄⁺from agricultural practice. The neutralizing and acidifying potentials (NP/AP) recorded a mean of 0.4, showing weak alkaline effect on atmospheric acid rain in oil producing communities. The positive correlation among ionic species implicates pH, SO₄²⁺and NO₃ as causes of severe atmospheric acidity. Conclusions were made that enforcement of the existing environmental laws to checkmate the emission of acid precursors is crucial for the survival of man and entire ecosystem.

这项工作的目的是评估尼日利亚南部地区产油区的大气雨水化学性质和中和潜力。雨水分析样品的pH值，EC，氯^-，SO ₄ ²⁺，NO ₃ ^- ，钙₂ ⁺和NH ₄ ⁺。相关性，主成分分析（PCA）和中和指标作为来源分配方法用于确定大气酸前体。结果表明，采集的样品在产油社区被严重酸化，pH值为5.5，在非产油地区被弱酸：pH 6.5，并随季节变化。分数酸度（FA）构成中和能力，中和因子（NF）记录氯98-99％^- ，钙²⁺和NH ₄ ⁺中的0.41，0.43和0.003用Ca值²⁺从海盐，是最中和剂物质比农业实践中的NH ₄ ^+高。中和和酸化的潜力（NP / AP）的平均值为0.4，显示出对产油社区的大气酸雨的弱碱性作用。离子种类之间的正相关暗示pH，SO ₄ ²⁺和NO ₃是严重的大气酸性的原因。结论是，执行现有的环境法以控制酸前体的排放对于人类和整个生态系统的生存至关重要。