Abstract

This article offers a new interpretation of the Domesday survey, drawing upon a collaborative study of its earliest surviving manuscript, Exeter Cathedral Library MS 3500 (Exon). It identifies five principal stages: first, the survey was launched at Gloucester in midwinter 1085; secondly, fiscal information extracted from geld assessment lists was integrated with manorial detail supplied by landholders to create a survey organised on a geographical plan by hundred; thirdly, this hundredal recension was checked by a second group of commissioners at meetings of shire courts, generating a substantial corpus of contested matter; fourthly, the hundredal recension was restructured into circuit returns which grouped together and summarised the holdings of barons who held directly from the king; fifthly, Domesday Book itself was written directly from these circuit returns. Royal assemblies held at Easter, Whitsun and Lammas functioned as deadlines for the second, third and fourth stages respectively; and a major geld levied at the rate of six shillings to the hide was collected and accounted for during this period. The survey generated a range of different outputs, each intended to serve specific fiscal and political purposes: the hundredal recension was designed to facilitate a reassessment of geld liabilities; the lists of contested matter anticipated a later judicial review; the circuit returns, summaries and Domesday Book were designed to make the administration of the royal demesne and the profits of royal lordship more efficient. The latter also supplied barons with what amounted to confirmation charters of their uncontested holdings, for which they performed homage.

中文翻译：

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爱尔兰帝国：英语世界的罗马天主教教堂，1829年至1914年，科林·巴尔（Colin Barr）

摘要

本文基于对尚存最早的手稿埃克塞特大教堂图书馆MS 3500（Exon）的合作研究，对《末日调查》进行了新的解释。它确定了五个主要阶段：首先，该调查于1085年冬季在格洛斯特进行。其次，将从胶合评估清单中提取的财政信息与土地所有者提供的庄园详细信息结合在一起，以百分百方式在地理平面图上进行调查。第三，第二批专员在郡法院会议上检查了这一百分百的报酬，产生了大量有争议的案件。第四，将百姓的报酬改编为巡回报酬，这些报酬归纳在一起，并归纳了直接由国王持有的男爵的财产。第五，《末日审判》本身就是直接从这些巡回表中写出来的。在复活节，圣灵群岛和南丫岛举行的皇家集会分别作为第二，第三和第四阶段的截止日期；在此期间收集并解释了按六先令对生皮征收的主要胶凝剂。该调查产生了一系列不同的输出，每个输出都旨在满足特定的财政和政治目的：百分位数的缩减旨在促进对胶凝负债的重新评估；争议事项清单预计将在以后进行司法复审；巡回赛，总结和《世界末日之书》的设计旨在使皇家德勤的管理和皇室领主的利益更加有效。后者还向男爵提供了无争议的持有量的确认宪章，