Introduction

Bikeshare programs have emerged across the US to promote bicycling as an active mode of transportation that could potentially improve health and quality of life. However, bikeshare usage is low in some settings. The purpose of this qualitative study is to explore barriers and facilitators of bikeshare use and to identify potential strategies to increase participation in urban environments.

Methods

Focus groups were conducted with urban bikeshare users in Birmingham, Alabama. Thematic analysis was guided by the PRECEDE model, which identifies predisposing (intrapersonal), reinforcing (interpersonal), and enabling (structural) factors related to a health program.

Results

In the four focus groups, the most prominent barriers to utilization identified were age, disability, stigma, and lack of awareness of programs (intrapersonal), having small children (interpersonal), lack of safety and bicycling infrastructure, bikeshare characteristics such as location, time constraints, cost, ease of use, and availability of bikes (structural). The most prominent facilitators included enjoyment (intrapersonal), peer support (interpersonal), and convenience, location, cost, and availability of electric bikes (structural). Recommendations to increase usage were primarily structural, such as infrastructure improvement, incentive programs, awareness and safety campaigns, expansion to neighborhoods and trails, increasing time users can ride before docking, and providing more electric bikes.

Conclusion

To increase bikeshare use in urban settings, use-restricting policies must be addressed.

中文翻译：

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共享单车计划的障碍和促进因素：城市环境中的定性研究

介绍

美国各地出现了共享单车计划，以促进将自行车作为一种积极的交通方式，有可能改善健康和生活质量。但是，在某些情况下，共享单车的使用率很低。这项定性研究的目的是探索共享单车使用的障碍和促进因素，并确定增加城市环境参与度的潜在策略。

方法

焦点小组是在阿拉巴马州伯明翰与城市共享单车用户进行的。主题分析以 PRECEDE 模型为指导，该模型确定了与健康计划相关的易感（个人）、强化（人际）和促成（结构）因素。

结果

在四个焦点小组中，确定的最突出的使用障碍是年龄、残疾、耻辱、缺乏对项目的认识（个人内部）、有小孩（人际关系）、缺乏安全和自行车基础设施、自行车共享特征，如位置、时间限制、成本、易用性和自行车的可用性（结构性）。最突出的促进因素包括享受（内部）、同伴支持（人际）以及电动自行车的便利性、位置、成本和可用性（结构）。增加使用量的建议主要是结构性的，例如改善基础设施、激励计划、提高意识和安全活动、扩展到社区和小径、增加用户在停靠前可以骑行的时间，以及提供更多的电动自行车。

结论

为了增加城市环境中的自行车共享使用，必须解决使用限制政策。