Neoliberalism has been allegedly challenged in East Central Europe. The neoliberal rollback by both nationalist forces and their economic nationalism in Hungary and Poland is commonly used to confirm this regional generalisation. In this generalisation, economic nationalism promotes anti-neoliberal state strategies because it challenges the economic globalism which was formerly privileged by the neoliberal globalist forces in these strategies. This paper challenges such a generalisation. Focusing on Czechia, it counterargues against this rollback thesis by stating that neoliberalism has overcome the global economic crisis and the political crisis of its austerity management. The transnational class approach is then offered as an alternative to the rollback scholarship: contrary to the rollback thesis, Czechia illustrates how economic nationalism can also promote neoliberalism. Moreover, Czech neoliberalism remains resilient because a pragmatic coalition of two neoliberal—nationalist and globalist—forces retains an enduring influence on the country’s economic strategies. These findings cultivate the regional generalisation but contribute subsequently to the broader debate on the worldwide rollback of neoliberal globalisation due to the political rise of economic nationalism.

据称，新自由主义在东中欧受到挑战。民族主义力量及其经济民族主义在匈牙利和波兰的新自由主义倒退通常被用来证实这种地区普遍性。在这种概括下，经济民族主义促进了反新自由主义国家战略，因为它挑战了经济全球化主义，而经济全球化主义以前在这些战略中受到新自由主义全球主义力量的特权。本文对这种概括提出了挑战。它以捷克为重点，反驳了这一倒退论点，指出新自由主义已经克服了全球经济危机及其紧缩管理的政治危机。然后提供跨国阶级方法作为回滚奖学金的替代方案：与回滚论点相反，捷克说明了经济民族主义如何也可以促进新自由主义。此外，捷克的新自由主义仍然具有弹性，因为两个新自由主义——民族主义和全球主义——力量的务实联盟对该国的经济战略保持着持久的影响。这些发现培养了区域普遍性，但随后促成了关于由于经济民族主义的政治兴起而导致新自由主义全球化在全球范围内倒退的更广泛辩论。