Additive manufacturing techniques established a new paradigm in the manufacture of composite materials providing a simple solution to build complex, custom designed shapes. In the biomedical field, 3D printing enabled the production of scaffolds with patient-specific requirements, controlling product architecture and microstructure, and have been proposed to regenerate a variety of tissues such as bone, cartilage, or the nervous system. Polymers reinforced with graphene or graphene derivatives have demonstrated potential interest for applications that require electrical and mechanical properties as well as enhanced cell response, presenting increasing interest for applications in the biomedical field. The present review focuses on graphene-based polymer nanocomposites developed for additive manufacturing fabrication, provides an overview of the manufacturing techniques available to reach the different biomedical applications, and summarizes relevant results obtained with 3D printed graphene/polymer scaffolds and biosensors.

中文翻译：

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用于生物医学应用的石墨烯基聚合物纳米复合材料的3D打印

增材制造技术在复合材料的制造中建立了新的范例，为构建复杂的，定制设计的形状提供了简单的解决方案。在生物医学领域，3D打印能够生产出满足患者特定需求的支架，从而控制产品的结构和微观结构，并且已被提议用于再生各种组织，例如骨骼，软骨或神经系统。用石墨烯或石墨烯衍生物增强的聚合物已经显示出对需要电和机械性能以及增强的细胞响应的应用的潜在兴趣，对在生物医学领域的应用表现出越来越大的兴趣。本综述着重于为增材制造制造而开发的石墨烯基聚合物纳米复合材料，