Abstract Any condition leading to chronic liver disease is a potential oncogenic agent for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Alterations in the expression of antioxidant enzymes could alter the redox balance. Our aim was to evaluate the expression of the genes GPX1, GPX4, SEP15, SELENOP, SOD1, SOD2, GSR, CAT, and NFE2L2 in patients with HCC. Differential gene expression analysis was performed using RNA-Seq data from the TCGA and GTEx databases, and RT-qPCR data from HCC patient samples. Bioinformatic analysis revealed significant differential expression in most genes. GPX4 expression was significantly increased (p=0.02), while SOD2 expression was significantly decreased (p=0.04) in experimental data. In TCGA samples, alpha-fetoprotein levels (mg/dL) were negatively correlated with the expression of SEP15 (p<0.001), SELENOP (p<0.001), SOD1 (p<0.001), SOD2 (p<0.001), CAT (p<0.001), and NFE2L2 (p=0.004). Alpha-fetoprotein levels were positively correlated with the expression of GPX4 (p=0.02) and SELENOP (p=0.01) in the experimental data. Low expression of GPX1 (p=0.006), GPX4 (p=0.01), SELENOP (p=0.006), SOD1 (p=0.007), CAT (p<0.001), and NFE2L2 (p<0.001), and higher levels of GSR, were associated with low overall survival at 12 months. These results suggest a significant role for these antioxidant enzymes in HCC pathogenesis and severity.

中文翻译：

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肝细胞癌患者抗氧化酶基因表达评估：RT-qPCR 和生物信息学分析

摘要 任何导致慢性肝病的病症都是肝细胞癌 (HCC) 的潜在致癌因素。抗氧化酶表达的改变可能会改变氧化还原平衡。我们的目的是评估 HCC 患者中 GPX1、GPX4、SEP15、SELENOP、SOD1、SOD2、GSR、CAT 和 NFE2L2 基因的表达。使用来自 TCGA 和 GTEx 数据库的 RNA-Seq 数据以及来自 HCC 患者样本的 RT-qPCR 数据进行差异基因表达分析。生物信息分析显示大多数基因存在显着差异表达。实验数据中GPX4表达显着增加（p=0.02），而SOD2表达显着降低（p=0.04）。在 TCGA 样本中，甲胎蛋白水平 (mg/dL) 与 SEP15 (p<0.001)、SELENOP (p<0.001)、SOD1 (p<0.001)、SOD2 (p<0.001)、CAT 的表达呈负相关。 p<0.001) 和 NFE2L2 (p=0.004)。实验数据中甲胎蛋白水平与GPX4(p=0.02)和SELENOP(p=0.01)的表达呈正相关。GPX1 (p=0.006)、GPX4 (p=0.01)、SELENOP (p=0.006)、SOD1 (p=0.007)、CAT (p<0.001) 和 NFE2L2 (p<0.001) 的低表达，以及较高水平的GSR 与 12 个月时的总生存率较低有关。这些结果表明这些抗氧化酶在 HCC 发病机制和严重程度中发挥着重要作用。