Abstract

This study investigates the effect of zeolite nano-catalyst on the yield of biodiesel and biochar formed from the pyrolysis of tallow (cow fat). Residual waste cow fat was pyrolyzed in a fixed-bed reactor of laboratory-scale volume 2200 cm³, at operating temperatures of 450, 500, 530, and 580 °C and heating rates of 4, 5, and 6 °C/min. The molecular composition of cow fat was analyzed using a gas chromatography molecular spectrograph (GC-MS). It was observed that the biodiesel produced without a catalyst was mainly composed of aromatic carboxylic acids, esters, alkanes, alkenes, and alkanes, while the biodiesel produced with zeolite nano-catalyst consisted mainly of methyl esters, pentanoic acid, heptanoic acid, cyclo-olefins, 4,4-dimethylcyclohexene, butyl-cyclohexane, butyl-cyclopentane, and 1-pentylcyclopentene. A biodiesel yield of 58% was achieved when a 1% zeolite nano-catalyst was used to pyrolyze the tallow at an operating temperature of 530 °C and heating rate of 6 °C/min. When the tallow was pyrolyzed without a zeolitic catalyst, decarboxylation was promoted, and a higher biodiesel yield of 82.78 wt% was achieved. Results from this study revealed that although zeolite nano-catalyst did not show an incremental effect on the yield of biodiesel, it favors biogas production and biochar formation.

摘要

本研究研究了沸石纳米催化剂对牛脂（牛脂肪）热解形成的生物柴油和生物炭产率的影响。^{剩余的废牛脂肪在实验室规模体积为 2200 cm 3}的固定床反应器中热解，在 450、500、530 和 580 °C 的工作温度和 4、5 和 6 °C/min 的加热速率下。使用气相色谱分子光谱仪 (GC-MS) 分析牛脂肪的分子组成。观察到，不用催化剂生产的生物柴油主要由芳香族羧酸、酯、烷烃、烯烃和烷烃组成，而用沸石纳米催化剂生产的生物柴油主要由甲酯、戊酸、庚酸、环-烯烃、4,4-二甲基环己烯、丁基-环己烷、丁基-环戊烷和1-戊基环戊烯。当使用 1% 的沸石纳米催化剂在 530 °C 的操作温度和 6 °C/min 的加热速率下热解牛脂时，生物柴油的产率为 58%。当牛脂在没有沸石催化剂的情况下热解时，会促进脱羧，并实现了 82.78 wt% 的更高生物柴油产量。这项研究的结果表明，尽管沸石纳米催化剂对生物柴油的产量没有增加影响，但它有利于沼气的产生和生物炭的形成。