Abstract

The modern thermal regime of the Upper Don rivers formed in the conditions of regional climate change in response to the challenge of global climate. The increase in the annual mean temperature of the atmospheric surface layer in the Upper Don in the first decade of the current century nearly by 1°С on average changes the thermal regime of the river water, which, in its turn, reflects the constant interaction between two spheres of the geographic envelope, namely, the atmosphere and hydrosphere. The water mass is concurrently in contact with the streambed, which affects thermal state of the water. Under the conditions of constant interaction and the interference of various environments, the thermal state of the atmosphere does not always remain the leading factor in behavior of the river-water temperature. In light of the unidirectional trend in the behavior of the regional air temperature and the increase in the latter over the entire Don River drainage area, the character of the water temperature response proves to be ambiguous and even contradictory. The maximum water temperature consistently declines in the right-bank Don River tributaries, such as the Krasnaya Mecha, Devitsa, and Chernaya Kalitva rivers, etc., which feed into the main stem from the Central Russian Uplands. The temperature rises in the left-bank Don River tributaries, e.g., Voronezh and Bityug, which feed into the Don River from the Oka–Don Lowlands. The Podgornaya River, which is also a left-bank tributary that feeds into the Don River from the Kalachskaya Uplands, exhibits a drop in temperature. A slight temperature increase is recorded in the streambed of the Don River itself. The ambiguous temperature response of the upper water layer can be attributed to the intra-annual redistribution of drainage, reduced snowmelt, and increase in the proportion and role of groundwater recharge during the formation of the maximum water temperature.

中文翻译：

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唐河上游流域河流水热状况对气候过程的响应

摘要

在应对全球气候挑战的条件下，区域气候变化的条件下形成了上唐河的现代热力状态。在本世纪前十年中，唐河上游地表大气层的年平均温度平均升高了近1°С，改变了河水的热力状态，这反过来又反映了不断的相互作用。在地理包络的两个球体之间，即大气层和水圈。水团同时与流床接触，这影响了水的热状态。在不断相互作用和各种环境干扰的条件下，大气的热态并不总是保持河水温度行为的主要因素。鉴于区域气温的单向趋势以及整个Don River流域中区域气温的上升，水温响应的特性被证明是模棱两可甚至矛盾的。右岸Don河支流（如Krasnaya Mecha河，Devitsa河和Chernaya Kalitva河等）的最高水温持续下降，这些河水从俄罗斯中部高地流入主干。左岸Don河支流（例如沃罗涅日和比图格）的温度升高，这些支流从Oka–Don低地流入Don河。Podgornaya河也是左岸支流，从Kalachskaya高地流入Don河，气温呈下降趋势。在唐河本身的河床中记录到温度略有升高。上部水层的温度响应模棱两可可归因于排水的年内重新分配，融雪的减少以及在最高水温形成过程中地下水补给的比例和作用的增加。