This study addresses the risk and vulnerability of Chilean salmon production to hazards resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic threat, including limited access to farms, limited processing capacity and reduced market demand. The role of different management approaches in reducing risk and vulnerability is also explored. Results suggest that concession areas having the largest accumulated and current biomass have the highest risk, which is also transferred to the municipal level. The scenarios modelled with better management practices that reduce diseases were able to reduce risks by 30–40%. The largest risk reduction is achieved when production biomass is divided in a more equitable manner among concession areas, suggesting the need for strategic improvements in spatial planning of the activity in the marine environment according to ecosystem carrying capacity and better practices. Improving adaptation capacity can reduce vulnerability between 20% and 30% for municipalities; for example, providing local employment can be a win-win management measure under the COVID-19 threat because it reduces movement of people and facilitates handling and responses to emergencies. A larger footprint in local economies and employment can also improve social perception and acceptance of the sector, thus contributing to improve adaptation changes and governance to face the threats. The framework used here to perform a risk and vulnerability assessment of salmon farming to the pandemic-associated threats can also be useful for other aquaculture systems elsewhere, provided that relevant information is available.

本研究探讨了智利鲑鱼生产对 COVID-19 大流行威胁所造成危害的风险和脆弱性，包括进入农场的机会有限、加工能力有限和市场需求减少。还探讨了不同管理方法在降低风险和脆弱性方面的作用。结果表明，累积和当前生物量最大的特许区风险最高，这也转移到市级。以减少疾病的更好管理实践建模的情景能够将风险降低 30-40%。当生产生物质在特许区域之间以更公平的方式分配时，可以最大程度地降低风险，表明需要根据生态系统承载能力和更好的做法对海洋环境活动的空间规划进行战略改进。提高适应能力可以将城市的脆弱性降低 20% 到 30%；例如，在 COVID-19 威胁下，提供当地就业可能是一项双赢的管理措施，因为它减少了人员流动并有助于处理和应对紧急情况。在当地经济和就业中的更大足迹也可以提高社会对该部门的认知和接受度，从而有助于改善适应变化和治理以应对威胁。这里用于对鲑鱼养殖进行风险和脆弱性评估以应对大流行相关威胁的框架也可用于其他地方的其他水产养殖系统，